The Soviet Union's Religious Policy And Its Impacts During Mikhail Gorbachev Administration (1985-1991)

In the contemporary world, religion has become a very common social phenomenon. About 80% global population have religious beliefs, and religious types and the differences vary. Due to religious beliefs caused an endless stream of social contradictions and conflicts, religion and the state in international life in all areas in a great impact, as well as within each country as the world's a kind of social forces can not be ignored, particularly religious revival has emerged in the contemporary world. For the territory of the world's largest area of the country in the 20th century, the Soviet Union not only has a large number of ethnic groups and the complex ethnic relations, but also a wide range of religious beliefs and religious atmosphere in a very strong power. Russia is a typical orthodox country, and Orthodox church affects Russian essentially. Russia's history is the history of the mutual integration and penetration of Orthodox country and the Russians, which are not divided.â‘ Moreover, other domestic religions also have a considerable amount and a certain degree of social impact. In the countries like the Soviet Union, it id very difficult to properly handle the relationship between state and religion, and the state's religious policy will directly affect the existence and development of religion. It will affect the relationship among the various religious directions and give rise to religious issues, including a range of social problems which are acutely severe. In order to properly handle the relationship between the state and religion and balance the interests of the relationship between religion and the maintenance of social stability, the policy of the state on religion becomes extremely important.The sudden collapse of the Soviet Union shocked the world in the early 1990s, while it also marked the dissolution of the Cold War. The World War II formed by the pattern was broken and the bipolar structure of world order changed to a multipolar structure. In a bipolar world at that time, one pole of the disintegration of the Soviet Union was a thought-provoking historical questions. The disintegration of the Soviet Union was caused by many factors, including traditional political ideology, economic factors, cultural factors, values and the external environment, but also new political concepts, economic theory, and cultural ideas and international environment and many other factors impact and so on. The country did not deal with religious issues. It is an important factor of all factors on the disintegration of the Soviet Union, namely, the national policy on religion and the problems on the Soviet Union and the religious policy of the social impact is essential.Study of this paper is to follow the basic principles of historical materialism, and use the Marxist theory of religion and state relations based on large amounts of historical documents and data and file data as the basis of historical development process for the clues, and combine with history and the related religion, political science, sociology, ethnology and other disciplines of theoretical knowledge, and focuse on research in the Soviet Union Gorbachev era the country's religious policies and the policy of the Soviet social development.Everyone known that Gorbachev is the key leader for the disintegrated of Soviet Union and the religious policy of his administration had important influence on the evnt.The contents of study on this topic, first of all, focus on macroscopic description of the Soviet state in various historical periods of religious change in policy as well as a brief analysis of the religious policy, which contains the historical issue. On the basis focus on elaborated and studied in the Soviet Union Mikhail Gorbachev, it is divided into periods, the state religion, the development of policy changes, as well as the religious policies on the domestic impact of religious development and the problems exposed in the domestic situation and religious development impact and penetration of foreign religious forces, domestic and international religious extremist forces in the Soviet Union in the profound impact. Finally, from the general and theoretical level, the period from 1985 to 1991 is the study of the main passages of time as a result of religious policy problems triggered by a range of social issues in the Soviet Union in the process of the profound impact, multi-faceted, the more in-depth analysis and research, and strive to be the Soviet Union during this period of religious forces in the country. It finds itself in status and the impact of what happened, as well as the close relationship between religion and state that exists.Because of my limited knowledge, short study time, the paper might have some deficiencies or shortcomings. I hope receive the extensive criticism and correction from teachers and students. I thank you sincerely.