| From the end of the eighties of the 20th century to the beginning of the 1990s, people paid the great concern to the development of the information technology and its far-reaching influence on education. The development of Internet technology has expanded the concept of study, and people have developed the network-based instructional systems. Since the end of the 1990s, people, combining information technology with the advanced study theories, viewed and proved the instruction design from a new angle. The Informatizalional Instructional Design (IID) arises at the historic moment.In order to accord with the cultivation request for people in the information age, the Informatizational Instructional Design, guided by informatization ideas, tries to optimize the learners' learning process by means of the information technology.The Informatizational ideas are basic thought and values based on the information age. The key thought is to cultivate the learner's ability and innovation spirit. It pays attention to the training of the student's ability of information collecting, organizing, creating and exchanging. The focus of the Informatizational Instructional Design should be on the student's independent study process and the design ability. Relying mainly on the computer and communication of the network, the information technology has given the brand-new form of teaching and learning, which expanded the category of the instruction. The information technology is considered as one of the best intermediaries to realize the educational objectives in the 21st century.According to the teaching reality of our country, informatizational instruction can be organized and designed at five levels: individual, group, class (the classroom), school and society (the community). The integrative informatizational instruction model and the open informatizational instruction model are two main models. The former mainly includes the various kinds of teaching organization systems, which emphasizes the merger of information technology and courses. And the latter emphasizes the independent learning of the students, who design and study by themselves according to resources. This model suits the individual differences and is helpful for training the student's design ability.Informatizational Instructional Design should embody five major characteristics of Informatizational instruction: multi-goals, students'independence, uniqueness of study, in time feedback & technology support." Paying attention to the development of every student" should be the starting point and the most basic design principle of the nformatizational Instructional Design. It must consider the development of students in an all-round way, including knowledge, technical ability, attitude, emotion and ability, and put emphasis on the combination of the cooperate learning with the individual learning. In the design process, Electronic Performance Support Systems are used to pursue higher benefit.The choice of the informazational teaching ways should accord with the purpose of instruction. And it also should suit the different learning content, students' age characteristics and the conditions of the school, including the reality of the resource state, economic ability, teachers and students' technical ability, environment for use, etc.The general procedures of the Informatizational Instructional Design mainly include "analyze the learners", "design stage-learning goals", "design the learning tasks and questions", "design the learning process", "design the learning environment", "design the learning resource", "design the rubric of learning evaluation ", "evaluation and amendment". The procedure generally begins with the analyses of the learners. The teacher should lead students to understand and analyze their own study styles, existing foundations, interests & hobbies progressively, then make the goals of studying according to students' characteristics, and design the true tasks and pointed problem according to the goals. Students, under the guidance of... |
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