Study On The Process Of Flowing From Tailings Dam-break And Disaster Prevention

Taking Yangtianqing Tailings of Tongchang copper in Yunnan as background, this paper researched the movement of tailing flow and the characteristic of impact force with a comprehensive research method combining experimental research, theoretical analysis and numerical simulation. The major work and results achieved are as follows:①Systematically studying the basic situation and the safety of peripheral environment of Yangtianqing Tailings of Tongchang copper in Yunnan; Through a series of tests including reservoir of sampling, laboratory soil test, rheological tests indoor and so on, it got the physical and mechanical properties of tailings particle composition systematically; And studied the particles of tailings sand, statics properties and rheological properties. Then the paper analyzed the main mechanical mechanical mechanism of tailings dam, and it provided basic information for the study of the physical model test about tailings dam.②Taking the fluid of Yangtianqing Tailings dam as the research object, the writer produced the tailings dam device for simulation test and made some indoor similar physical model tests according to the similar theory. It is the first time to study the law about tailings sediment flow in the groove downstream, the characteristics of impact on issues and so on deeply. The relationship between dam body height, mud concentration, grooved slope, breach channel size and groove bottom rough conditions with sediment flow characteristic, and the relevant law was obtained. Meanwhile a calculation method for tailings lateral velocity and shock pressure was proposed by using the knowledge of related theory and dimensional theory. Basing the law of fluid dynamics and fluid mass conservation, the writer modified the formula about sediment flow and made a more practical high-curve analysis flow movement in the corner according to the theory of vertical velocity and surface velocity and the law of sediment deposition on the sediment flow.③Using similar physical model experiment indoor, the issues about efforts auxiliary dam done to the sediment stream were studied systematically. In the pilot study, the writer discussed the effect of protective through the height and the number separately, and analyzed protection mechanism of auxiliary dam. Based on previous research in the theory and results of model test, the energy dissipation characteristics along with the flow was analyzed deeply and obtained the phenomenon that the fluid energy per unit mass of sediment has a decreasing trend with the increasing of flow distance.④Based on the finite element method, the characteristics of break tailings sediment flow were researched and analyzed by FLUENT^3D which is a kind of large fluid calculation software. According to different conditions, numerical simulation was done separately and the results displayed that auxiliary dam built in downstream can reduced the impact to downstream effectively.⑤Proposed an effective motheod to protect the Dam, which combined tailings safety management, safety monitoring, Landslide facilities and emergency plan protective measures. It provides a reference solution for the safe operation of tailings.