| Natural rubber is the pillar industry of Hainan tropical agricultural, producing millions of tons of rubber wastewater each year. At present, most of the rubber processing enterprises only use the biological treatment to treat the wastewater, but not change the resources into rational use, which not only cause a waste of resources, but also cause environmental pollution and ecological destruction. This study used a potted experiment, and the cilantro (coriander) is selected as a test crop. This study give a research on the effects of the growth and physiological quality of coriander, soil fertility, soil microbial quantity on natural rubber producing skim serum wastewater, UASB (up-flow anaerobic sludge bed) water, aerobic treatment water in different concentrations and different irrigation mode. At the same time, according to the test results, to give an optimization on agricultural irrigation methods and irrigation amount, also, to scale the benefits of irrigation in a superior way of economic. The main conclusions are as follows:(1)Effect of coriander Growth and development:Based on the effect of different kinds of natural rubber wastewater irrigation on the growth of coriander situation:the appropriate concentration on coriander have good effect, too high a concentration or low concentration of coriander growth resulted in a negative impact.10%concentration skim serum wastewater treatment on the growth promoting effect of coriander is superior to other skim serum wastewater concentration and water treatment, which in the growth period of leaf number, branch number, plant height, dry weight of over-ground part, the underground portion of dry weight were higher than water treatment89.5%,34.1%,1.32times,2.8times and33.2%.50%concentration anaerobic UASB water treatment on the growth promoting effect of coriander is superior to other anaerobic UASB effluent concentrations and water treatment, which in the growth period of leaf number, branch number, plant height, dry weight of over-ground part, the underground portion of dry weight werel times higher than the water control,28.5%,28.1%times,2.8times and58.2%. Aerobic treatment with water on the growth promoting effect of coriander is superior to water treatment, which in the growth period of leaf number, branch number, plant height, dry weight of over-ground part, the underground portion of dry weight were higher than water control64.2%,25.2%,34.7%times,2.16times and17.8%.(2)Quality of coriander:10%concentration skim serum wastewater's effect is the most obvious, the total chlorophyll content, vitamin C content, total soluble sugar were higher than water to irrigate20.69%,5.66%,212.52%. At different dilution degrees UASB anaerobic water use,50%concentrations of UASB's effect is the most obvious, the total chlorophyll content, vitamin C content, total soluble sugar were higher than water to irrigate16.47%,16.59%,146.62%. Aerobic treatment with water in the total chlorophyll content, vitamin C content, total soluble sugar were higher than water to irrigate7.11%,2.15%,63.67%. Aerobic biological treatment with direct water irrigation of coriander, match the national standards (GB19338-2003) limits, skim serum wastewater and UASB anaerobic irrigation have crossed over the limits..(3) Effects on soil physical and chemical properties:without dilution and higher concentrations of skim serum wastewater on soil fertility has a significant promotion effect, but this can lead to excessive accumulation of potassium and soil pH value decreased, while lower concentrations of skim serum wastewater without this phenomenon; anaerobic UASB water high concentration significantly reduced the total soil nitrogen application and alkali-hydrolysable nitrogen content, but the available potassium and available phosphorus were increased, low concentration of reduced available potassium content; aerobic treatment with water except at pH have slightly lower, other nutrients are increased.(4)Soil microorganisms:soil bacteria content, skim wastewater treatment were higher than those of water control, but decrease with increasing concentration is increased first and then decreased; anaerobic UASB effluent treatment were higher than the water control, along with the application of concentration was increased; aerobic water treatment and water treatment compared with no significant difference. Soil fungi, skim serum wastewater in addition to10%concentrations below the water treatment, the remaining were higher than that of water treatment, with the concentration decreases; and aerobic in water treatment were significantly higher than the water treatment. Actinomyces,10%concentration skim serum wastewater below the water control, the remaining were higher than that of water treatment, and with decreased concentrations increased first and then decreased; in addition to anaerobic UASB10%concentration treatment, other treatments were higher than that of water treatment; aerobic in water treatment were significantly higher than those of water control. In addition, in microbial ratio, proportion of bacteria and actinomycetes ratio are negatively related to.(5)The agricultural irrigation mode and economic benefit analysis:integrated each respect element, the better irrigation modes are10%skim serum wastewater treatment,50%anaerobic UASB wastewater treatment and aerobic treatment, which eventually, irrigation amount were48.4t/hm2,169.5t/hm2,380t/hm. The natural rubber processing wastewater irrigation economic benefits can use the model of sewage irrigation economic benefit to calculate. Based on irrigation economic benefits and used coriander as text crop, the total economic earnings of10%skim serum wastewater,50%anaerobic UASB wastewater and aerobic treatment were8707.1yuan/hm2,8933.6yuan/hm2and2503.1yuan/hm2.In the context of the country to promote cleaner production and sustainable development, to address the shortage of natural rubber processing wastewater traditional biochemical secondary treatment process, wastewater harmless, resources, development of the natural rubber industry must pass through road. This paper get an entry point from different pretreatment methods of the natural rubber processing wastewater on crop and soil research, then put forward a viable resource program, not only to solve the lack of conventional biological treatment processes, but also the active ingredient in water quality waste treasure, to cut the cost of wastewater treatment of natural rubber companies to bring new profit growth point. It can be said that this approach will be the development of Hainan Natural Rubber Industry will bring a good prospect. |
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