Research On Aromatic Components And Essential Oil From Flowers Of Eriobotrya Japonic

From2010to2011, the experiments were carried out by using the flowers ofEriobotrya japonica. The aromatic components from the flowers of Eriobotryajaponica at different stages and the aromatic components of three cultivars, thedifferent extraction processes of essential oil and the components from the essentialoil were studied. The results were summarized bellow:1. Analysis of aromatic components from flowers of Eriobotrya japonica atdifferent stages by GC-MS. The results showed that with the growth and developmentof the flowers, the number and specific types of aroma compounds changedcomplicated. The first stages contained23kinds of components, then increased to30at the second one,and at the third stage about36kinds of components were found.Thespecific types of the main components at each stages also changed a lot. The maincompounds at the first stage were acid,alkanes,lipids and alcohol,accounting for57.47%,9.88%,8.30%and2.84%of total essential oil,respectively; among thecompounds,there were Benzoylformic acid,Tetratetracontane,3-Cyclopentylpropionicacid,decyl ester,Dibutyl phthalate,accounted for57.28%,6.93%,3.62%,3.11%.Themain compounds at the2nd stage were alkanes and lipids, accounted for57.72%and28.96%of total essential oil, respectively;among the compounds, there wereOctacosane, heptacosane, Benzoic acid,4-methoxy-,ethyl ester,Benzoic acid,4-metho-xy-,methyl ester,accounted for32.02%,20.11%,18.1%,6.69%.The main compounds atthe3rd stage were alkanes,aldehyde, lipids and acid,accounted for29.99%,19.96%,16.66%and11.34%of total essential-oil respectively;amongthe-compounds,there-were-Benzaldehyde,Octacosane,Heneicosane,Octadecanoicacid,Linoleicacidethylester,Dib-utylphthalate,-accounted-for-19.96%,16.76%,9.53%,7.64 %,6.42%,5.48%.2. Analysis of aromatic components of three cultivars(Zaozhong6,Changhong3,Jie Fangzhong)by GC-MS. The results showed that the categories of the maincomponents were similar,but the specific components were very different. Lipids andalkanes occupied a large proportion of the main components, accounted for72.27%,68.34%and86.68%respectively.27kinds of the components were identified inZaozhong6,29kinds of the components were identified in Changhong3,30kinds ofthe components were identified in Jie Fangzhong.But only two kinds were the same,named4-methoxy-ethyl benzoate and3-ethyl-5-(2-B butylcarbamate)-, octadecane.Cyclotetrasiloxane, octamethyl-, Cyclopentasiloxane, decamethyl-, Cyclononasiloxa-ne,octadecamethyl-exist both in Zaozhong6and Changhong3. Hexadecanoic acid,ethyl ester, Dibutyl phthalate and Tetratetracontane exist both in Zaozhong6and JieFangzhong. Canthaxanthin exist in both Changhong3and Jie Fangzhong. The rest ofthe other components were very different.3. The extraction process of essential oil from the flowers of Eriobotrya japonicaby organic solven was optimized and and innovatively established.The optimumextraction process was as follows: extraction time4h,temperature50℃andliquid-solid ratio1:20. Analysis of the components from the essential oil, the resultsshowed that44constituents had been identified,amounted to total mass fraction96.74%,the main compounds were akanes,acid,terpenoids,ketone and ester,accountedfor54.92%,30.26%,2.64%,1.58%and0.82%of total essential oil, respectively;among the compounds,there were Nonacosane,Octacosane,9,12,15-Octadecatrienoicacid,n-Hexadecanoicacid,17-Pentatriacontene,accounted for24.24%,18.84%,17.33%,10.05%,2.61%.4. The extraction process of essential oil from the flowers of Eriobotrya japonicaby supercritical CO₂was optimized and and innovatively established. The optimumextraction process was as follows: extraction time1h,temperature35℃, extractionparameters were20MPa and CO₂flow10L/h. Analysis of the components from theessential oil, the results showed that37constituents had been identified, amounted tototal mass fraction72.88%,the main compounds were alcohol,acid,akanes, ester andterpenoids,accounted for34.51%,16.25%,3.38%,0.2%and1.58%of total essential oil,respectively;among the compounds,there were Hydrocortisone,Tetradecanoic,acid,Heptadecane,Dibutylphthalate,Cyclohexene,1-methyl-4-(1-methylethylidene),accounted for34.37%,3.38%,1.52%,1.45%.