| The silicone oil material used in eye is Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS). The refractive index is 1.404 at the room temperature, which is similar to vitreous body and lens. Silicone oil has good optical transparency, stable physical properties, physical inertia, good biocompatibility and long-lasting effects. As a substitute for the vitreous body, silicone oil has been widely used in clinic for the surgery of complex ocular trauma and vitreoretinal diseases. However, the eye filled with silicone oil for a long time can cause many complications, such as corneal degeneration, complicated cataract, secondary glaucoma, silicone oil emulsification, and so on. The incidence of silicone oil emulsification is about 0.7% to 40%. The occurrence of silicone oil emulsion is affected by many factors. Nowadays there is no clear conclusion for the mechanism. It becomes a hot topic to study for many scholars at home and abroad.The experimental study was to analyze the effects of different medicine on silicone oil emulsification in vitro, including glucose, hyaluronidase, hyaluronic acid, vitamin B12 and verapamil. This study provided the basis of the prevention and treatment of silicone oil emulsification, which improved the characteristics of intraocular tamponde material for the future. It also guided clinical medication, especially eye treatment. Part I:The effects of different medicine on silicone oil emulsificationMaterials and MethodsThe establishment of in vitro model of the human eye with 5ml volumetric flask, which was to include silicone oil 4.0ml and different medicine:balanced salt solution (BSS) 0.5ml as a control group,0.5ml mixture of BSS with glucose, hyaluronidase, hyaluronic acid, vitamin B12 and verapamil as experimental groups. The chambers were then placed on a horizontal rotating shaker at a rate of 120 r min and incubated at 37℃. Silicone oil emulsification conditions were observed and quantified by dark field microscopy, digital photography at 1 week,2 week,4 week and 8 week.Results1.The number of silicone oil emulsion particles was significantly different between different groups at different time (P<0.05). The results showed that differential number of silicone oil emulsion particles resulted from different medicine and the emulsion particles were increased with time.2. The number of silicone oil emulsion particles was no difference between hypertonic glucose group and BSS group at each time point. The results did not show statistically significant (P>0.05).3. The number of silicone oil emulsion particles was no difference between hyaluronidase group and BSS group at 1 week,2 week and 4 week (P>0.05). While the difference was statistically significant at 8 week (P<0.05), and the hyaluronidase group had more silicone oil emulsion particles than BSS group.4. Compared with BSS group, the number of silicone oil emulsion particles of hyaluronic acid group was less than BSS group at 1 week,2 week and 4 week. The results showed statistically significant (P<0.05). The difference was statistically significant at 8 week (P<0.05), while the group of hyaluronic acid had more silicone oil emulsion particles than BSS.5. Compared with BSS group, the number of silicone oil emulsion particles was no difference between vitamin B12 group and BSS group at 1 week. The result did not show statistically significant(P> 0.05). The difference was statistically significant at 2 week,4 week and 8 week (P<0.05). The group of vitamin B12 had more silicone oil emulsion particles than BSS at these three time point.6. The number of silicone oil emulsion particles of verapamil group was more than that of BSS group at each time. The results showed statistically significant (P< 0.05).Conclusions1. Although in vitro study can not simulate the in vivo environment, it can be unified many complicated factors. The method is conducive to experimental study and can be used to analyze the effects on the silicone oil emulsion under the action of simple medicine.2. The emulsion particles are increased with time. Hypertonic glucose solution has no significant effect on the silicone oil emulsion. The role of hyaluronidase can increase the silicone oil emulsion with time. Hyaluronic acid can affect the amount of long-term silicone oil emulsion. Vitamin B12 injection and verapamil injection can promote emulsification of silicone oil.PartⅡ:The effects of different medicine on emulsified silicone oil Materials and MethodsThe establishment of in vitro model of the human eye with 5ml volumetric flask, which was to added silicone oil 4.0ml and BSS 0.3ml. Each group was repeated configuration 5 pipes. The chambers were then placed on a horizontal rotating shaker at a rate of 120 r/min and incubated at 37℃. Silicone oil emulsion particles appeared similar number by dark field microscopy after two weeks. Then different medicine which was same of the first part was joined into emulsified silicone oil, and at last every chamber had mixture 0.5ml and emulsified silicone oil 4.0 ml. The chambers were then placed on a horizontal rotating shaker at a rate of 120 r/min and incubated at 37℃. Silicone oil emulsification conditions were observed and quantified by dark field microscopy, digital photography at 1 week,2 week,4 week and 8 week.Results1.The number of silicone oil emulsion particles was significantly different with different groups at different time (P<0.05). The results showed that differential number of silicone oil emulsion particles resulted from different medicine and the emulsion particles were increased with time.2. Hypertonic glucose group, hyaluronidase group, hyaluronic acid group had no difference with BSS group at each time. The results did not show statistically significant (P>0.05). Compared with BSS group, the number of silicone oil emulsion particles of vitamin B12 group was more than that of BSS group at 8 week. The result showed statistically significant (P<0.05). Compared with BSS group, the number of silicone oil emulsion particles of verapamil group was more than that of BSS group at 4 week and 8 week. The results showed statistically significant (P< 0.05).ConclusionsThe emulsion particles of emulsified silicone oil are increased with time. There is no significant effect on further emulsion of emulsified silicone oil with hypertonic glucose solution, hyaluronidase and hyaluronic acid. Vitamin B12 injection and verapamil injection can promote further emulsion of emulsified silicone oil. |
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