Breast Cancer Molecular Subtypes Of Clinical And Pathological Characteristics

Background and ObjectiveBreast cancer is one of the most common malignant tumor that threats woman's health and life; it is rising year by year and is of young trend. With the application of molecular biological technology and the enhancement of diagnostic methods, breast cancer research has achieved great progress; early detection and cure rate have constantly improved and mortality rate has dropped, but there are still a lot of confusion in breast cancer to be resolved, among which the most important is that patients with the same pathological type and the same treatment have obviously different treatment sensitivity and prognosis. In fact, breast cancer is a kind of molecular highly heterogeneous tumor, the same morphology of which may have different clinical manifestations, treatment and prognosis.For a long time, tumor morphology diagnosis has been the golden standard of pathological diagnosis, and has become the basis of clinical treatment. Traditional TNM staging for predicting recurrence and metastasis is of great value, and is the relatively mature risk assessmnet index in clinic. But with the constant development of molecular biological medicine, traditional pathological morphology diagnosis and staging have already can"t adapt the demand of the cancer research development. By applying the molecular biological diagnosis, to have a research on the pathological mechanism and biological behavior of tumor occurrence and development from the molecular level has become the current research direction. The heterogeneity of breast cancer raises the possibility of its molecule subtypes, the submitting of breast cancer molecule subtype on the basis of tumor molecular expression differences provide important proof for solving the problem of tumor heterogeneity, staging rationality, prognosis accuracy and the individual treatment of breast cancer.Materials and MethodsTotal 151 cases of invasive breast cancer were classified into four different subtypes according to estrogen receptor(ER), progestogen receptor(PR) and human epidermal growth factor receptor-2(HER2).The factors such as distribution proportion, age, menopausal status, lymph node metastasis status, maximum tumor diameter and family history were analyzed. At the same time, SPSS software was used for statistical test.ResultsAmong all 151 cases, Luminal A type were of the largest proportion, reached 79 cases(52.3%); HER2 over-expressing and Luminal B type were of a smaller proportion, with respectively 22 cases (14.6%) and 20cases (13.2%). From the point of age, basal-like type was more likely to be found in young people and Luminal A type was more likely to be found in old people(92.4%) were more than 35 years old) in comparison with other molecular subtypes. From the point of menopausal status, premenopausal patients take the highest scale-60% in Basal-Like type, and in Luminal A type type, postmenopausal patients take the highest scale-67%. From the point of lymph node metastasis, Luminal A type has the highest proportion-less than 3 cases; HER2 over-expressing type has the the highest proportion in lymph node metastases with more than 4-9 pieces, and so is Luminal B type in lymph node metastases with more than 10 pieces. From the point of maximum tumor diameter, Luminal A and Luminal B subtypes have a relatively lager proportion in the cases with maximum tumor diameter≤2cm, respectively 51.9% and 50%; and so is HER2 over-expressing and Basal-Like subtypes in the cases with maximum tumor diameter between 2cm and 5cm(respectively 68.2% and 50%). Analysing from family history, Basal-Like type is of a relatively high proportion(25%).Conclusion The molecular subtypes of breast cancer can better reflect the biological characteristics of this kind of cancer; different molecular subtypes have different clinical and pathological features. Therefore, to understand these can certainly aid the prognosis judgment and clinical individual treatment.