| ObjectiveEvaluating the effect of the rural water improvement project through comparing the drinking water quality before and after the project; collecting information about the rural water user associations and basic environment status like the sewage, garbage and other rural health issue, providing basis for the new rural development and rural drinking water projects.MethodWe collected peripheral water from the End of the village, the Middle of the village, and the start of the village, as the same as the source water in August2010, and there were12water samples,8of which were from Hexi, another4from Palang. We tested14parameters including organoleptic and physical parameters, microbiological parameters, toxicological parameters and general chemical parameters according to GB/T5749-Table4《Part of the water quality indicators and limit values of small central water supply and non-central water supplr in rural communities》.Comparing with water samples collected in the two villages in December2008:Using mathematical statistics to compare single indicators, and the composite index methods including principal component analysis, Nemerow index and drinking water quality index to compare comprehensive water quality; collecting information about the basic health status in rural community and rural water user associations through observation, interviews and other methods.Results1After the water improvement project in2010, the parameters including manganese, fluoride, total number of colonies and turbidity indicators were still exceeding the GB5749-2006"Standard examination methods for drinking water" Fluoride and turbidity exceeded the rate of33.33%(4/12), the total number of colonies were all over the standard of the rate of100%(12/12). 2The parameters including pH value, chloride, oxygen consumption, total hardness, sulfate, total dissolved solids, fluoride had statistically significant difference with the GB5749-2006"Standard examination methods for drinking water"(P<0.01)), they were all declined after water improvement project.3Using principal component analysis, Nemerow index and of drinking water quality index to evaluate the comprehensive quality of drinking water, the results shown that the drinking water quality of water after the project were better than before. Composite score of water quality after the principal component analysis shown that he water quality in Pa Lang village was better than that in Hexi village, chemical factors were the main factors affecting the quality of drinking water; Nemerow index showed water quality in Palang village after water improvement were all at the "poor "level (100%), the total number of colonies played an important role in evaluation of the water quality between the two villages; drinking water quality index score showed that the water quality from poor to good were as follows:the water from Hexi village before the project (7.33), the water from Palang village before the project (7.32), the water from Pa Lang village after the project (3.80), the water from Hexi village after the project(2.45)4Interviews showed that sanitation conditions in rural Yuanmou County was poor, rural communities lacked garbage, sewage treatment measures and the villagers held a positive attitude towards to creating a good environmental conditions.Conclusion1Evaluation of drinking water not only needs focusing on the single index evaluation, but also concerning about the link between indicators of water quality and comprehensive evaluation. We should meet the actual needs then choose a practical evaluation memod during the evaluation process.2Rural water improvement project changed the decentralized water supply to a centralized water supply, water quality after the project is better than the decentralized water supply, and it is easy to manage and supervise.3Water users association has played a role in the maintenance of rural drinking water improvement projects, is an important force in the establishment of the mechanism of safe drinking water.4Garbage and sewage treatment is still a difficult issue, and sanitation conditions are still not optimistic in Yuanmou County5After health training about drinking water and sanitation to some of villagers from Yuanmou County,we found awareness about drinking water and sanitation of the villagers is improved, health education methods played a role to change the villagers'health awareness and change the rural sanitation conditions... |
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