The Postwar Nanjing Primary And Secondary Education Demobilization Study

After triumph of the Anti-Japanese War, everything is waiting to be done. So as to cure the injures caused in the war, the Government of The Republic of China conducted a series of restorations, in respects of military, economy and education. A long-range program as the educational restoration was, it naturally took the radical, essential priority. The national government separated the newly recaptured areas into recovered ones and recaptured ones after the war. Nanjing was taken as the capital of the Reformation Government and Wang Jingwei's puppet regime during the period when it was under control of Japanese Army. After triumph of the Anti-Japanese War, however, the national government returned to Nanjing, taking it as the capital once again, so that it became the ruling centre of the whole China. Additionally, Nanjing, culturally and educationally prosperous since the ancient times, had been the cultural and educational centre of southeastern and even the whole China. Therefore, Nanjing's education in the period of national government had a more important place. In consideration of the previous reasons, this dissertation will take Nanjing to study the educational restoration in Nanjing in the recovered areas after the triumph of Anti-Japanese War. Considering the exceedingly broad scope of educational restoration, the dissertation, taking secondary and elementary schools in Nanjing as a case, analyses and studies its educational restoration. And by researching it brief issues can be revealed that made by the national government in recovered areas even in the whole China.Firstly, this dissertation will briefly introduce Nanjing's educational background; then it will give out the state restoration policies by the national government; at last, it will go through, mainly in the second and third part, the restoration process, the moving-back and restoration and the acceptance of schools which belonged to the Japanese-puppet regime. As in the last part, a general comment is going to be made that how the process of Najing's educational restoration was put into effect and whether the restoration policies were advantageous or disadvantageous. The dissertation will draw the following conclusions:Najing's educational scale basically restored and surpassed what had been in pre-war times through post-war restoration; the secondary and elementary school of inner Najing city realized the transform from state-run system to city-run one; Nanjing's education accomplished the change from war-time, enslaved, pattern to ordinary one. The following factors, nevertheless, constrain Nanjing's educational restoration. First, the restoration measures, to suspend all the Japanese-puppet schools caused great squander on educational resources. Second, the lack of a leading, reconciling organization brought about the low-efficiency on Nanjing's educational restoration. Third, the long draw-out discrimination, which was against popular sentiments, drove intellectuals onto the opposite side of the government. Fourth, the government did not attach enough importance to the restoration.