Component Analysis On Essential Oil From Cuminum Cyminum And Its Antimicrobial And Antioxidant Activities

For effective utilization of plant resources in Northwest of China, development of naturalfood preservative. In this study, cumin seeds as raw material, we used gas chromatographymass spectrometry technology (GC-MS) analysis of the chemical constituents of the essentialoil of cumin which extracted by steam distillation. Study on antimicrobial activity andantimicrobial mechanismof cumin essential oil in vitro, and determination of their antioxidantactivity. The results showed as below:1. Essencial oil was extracted by steam distillation from cumin seeds of Gansu, andXinjiang production areas, and the oil, yields reached2.38%and2.56%. The components ofessential oils were determined with GC-MS,31components were detected,27componentswere identified in Gansu oil, Xinjiang oil was detected27components, identified23components, The main componenst of the two essential oils are basically the same, and were2-Carene-10-aldehyde, cumin aldehyde and3-Carene-10-aldehyde. By comparison thecontent and components of cumin essential oil from two production areas, Xinjiang‘sessential oil showed better quality than Gansu’.2. Cumin essential oil showed significantly against four funguses (F. semitectum, A.alternata, P. expansum, T. roseum) and four bacteria (P. fluorescence, B. subtilis, S. aureus, E.coli) in vitro. Cumin essential oil could obviously inhibit strains colony growth, sporegermination, as well as the disruption of membrane integrity. At the same time, with theincreasing of concentration of cumin essential oil, the more significant of the inhibition effect.In addition, the essential oil of cumin on strains MIC values was0.123-0.246g/ml.3. The observation of SEM and TEM showed the mycelium morphology andultrastructure modifications of Alternaria alternate, Penicillium expansum andStaphylococcus aureus caused by cumin essential oil. Mycelium surface deformities andfracture, organelles indistinct, irregularly shaped, cell bodies formed a dense electroncloud structure and large vacuoles. It showed that cumin essential oil affect the normal physiological metabolism of the pathogen, resulting in the mycelium of a large number ofmalformation and death.4. The antioxidant activities of cumin essential oil was evaluated based on DPPH radical,ABTS radical hydroxylradical, superoxide anion scavenging activities, reducing capacity andand inhibition of lipid peroxidation in linoleie acid. It was found that cumin essential oil has anotable antioxidant activity.In conclusion, cumin seeds from Gansu and Xinjiang had a higher production essentialoil yields. The major components were2-Carene-10-aldehyde, cumin aldehyde and3-Carene-10-aldehyde. The essential oil had a notable antioxidant activity, its excellentantimicrobial activity was related with the disruption of membrane integrity and themodification of mycelium morphology and ultrastructure.