Study On Health Risk Assessment Of Contaminated Sites

Contaminated land is an important source of environmental pollution, whichincludes mines, factories, gas stations, underground storage tanks, landfills and wastedumps. Due to the emissions of pollutants, spills, spilled or accident, pollutions of soil,air, water and other environmental media threat the ecological safety and humanhealth. In recent years, with the development of our society, changes in the way ofadjustment of industrial structure upgrading and economic development, site characterchanges more and more frequent, many industrial enterprises relocated to the outsidecity by shutting down, shutdown and off-site relocation, a large part of the site has notconducted any risk assessment and environmental governance, and direct in-situ landas residential land, land for construction of public facilities or green spaces. To protecthuman health and maintain normal production and construction activities, and toprevent the venue changing nature of the new environmental problems, we need carryout site environmental risk assessment. As China’s "people-oriented",“theharmonious development of economic, social and environmental” strategy carried out,pollution control of contaminated sites will gradually expand as the basis of sitepollution control decision-making, risk assessment of contaminated sites is bound tobe mentioned a very important position.This paper takes the problem of contaminated sites during the land exchangeprocess in the city as the research object, selects a Glass Instrument Factory in GansuProvince as an example, uses domestic and foreign health risk assessment theory andmethods, combined theoretical research and empirical study, to study the risk ofcontaminated sites in the process of urban land replacement. And also try to use the"risk assessment of contaminated sites"(draft) carried out in2009by Department ofEnvironmental Protection to carry out a health risk assessment on the site. At the sametime, this article takes the health risks posed by contaminated sites on the human bodyas the basis for decision-making to determine whether the site need to take furtherrecovery action and proposed to built risk management of contaminated sites SecuritySystem. The main results show that:(1)Although this evaluation is limited by the conditions and risk assessmentresults with uncertainty, from the pollutant cancer risk of exposure pathwayscontribution rate (Inhalation of outdoor air pollutants vapors> inhalation of indoor airpollutants vapors> oral intake of> skin contact> respiratory inhalation of soil particles)we can conclude that health risks caused by the respiratory pathway is relatively large. (2)Health risk assessment results show that regional soil environment may besome degree of health risks. Benzene in the region combined cancer risk value of7.4646×10-9does not exceed the level of cancer risk limit (10-6). So, the contaminatedsites as residential land in the future do not need soil repair. Take into account theimpact of self-purification process of pollutants and the impact on the concentrationof pollutants volatile, the result of assess risk is low. After the project completed andput into use, protection and restoration measures should be actively carried out.(3)This paper combined problems during the management of contaminated sites,aim at the problems of our existing policies and regulations, administrative andfinancial support, proposed to build contaminated sites risk management system:①Build government-led, with a number of administrative departments,multi-stakeholders actively participated administrative system.②Improve the soilpollution control and management policies and regulations, take out the whole processof supervision and management of the full implementation of the planning level andthe level of the construction project environmental impact assessment system.③Build financial support system similar to the U.S."Superfund""Soil pollutioncontrol fund".④Establish the technology and propaganda system to strengthenenvironmental education and soil environmental protection.