The Role Of Mineral Elements (K, Ca, P, Mg)in Growth, Development And Physiological Effects Of Pleurotus Eryngii Var. Tuoliensis

Pleurotus eryngii var. tuoliensis is an excellent Edible Fungi and it’s favored in the recent years. To promote the healthy and stable development of Pleurotus eryngii var. tuoliensis, the paper research from the following aspects:The influence of different mineral elements on the growth and development; the changes of extracellular enzyme activities; the changes of free protein.The main results are the following:(1) On the growth and development of Pleurotus eryngii var. tuoliensis:Myce\ium has the highest growth speed at a K+(KCl) concentration of0.1%and a Ca2+CaCl2·2H2O) concentration of0.3%, and has the growth suppressed at a K+concentration of0.4%, a Ca2+concentration of2.4%, the mycelium has the growth slowing down along with the increase of the PO43-(NaH2PO4) concentration at a range of0.02%-0.15%, and the Na+(NaCl) concentration at a range of0.3%-1.2%; and influences of Mg2+(MgCl2·6H2O) on the growth of mycelium at a concentration range of0.005%-0.04%have little difference.On the growth of fruiting bodies, the experimental groups have average yield and biological efficiency of fruiting body both higher than those of CK group at the K+concentration of0.05%-0.2%and PO43-concentration of0.02%-0.15%but lower than those of CK group at a Ca2+concentration of0.3%-4.8%, and have fruiting suppressed at a K+concentration greater than0.2%. The experimental groups have no fruiting at the Ca2+concentration greater than1.2%. Mg2+facilitates fruiting of the fruiting body at a concentration of0.005%-0.02%and suppresses the growth of fruiting body at a concentration greater than0.03%.The cultivation period at low concentration of K+(K1group and K2group) were shorter4.33days and2.74days than those of CK group. It may extend the squaring time, inhibit the fruiting body growth by adding Ca2+in culture media, and the fruiting body growth cycle of P. eryngii var. tuoliensis at a Ca2+concentration of0.6%was17days more than CK. The results show that PO43-may promote the growth of fruiting bodies, but extend entire growth cycle at the PO43-concentration lower than0.08%. Low concentrations of Mg2+(≤0.02%) can shorten the growth period of the fruiting body, while shortening the entire growth cycle. (2) On the changes of enzyme activity:According to study the CMC enzyme activity of various stages, the results as follow:The CMC enzyme activities were low and a slow upward trend during the mycelia growth period, post-ripening period and low temperature stimulus period, but the effect of4mineral elements not significant. The CMC enzyme activities increased rapidly during the fruitbody growth period, and were enhanced at low concentrations of potassium, phosphorus and magnesium, Low concentrations of K+(≤0.10%), Mg2+(≤0.02%) and high concentrations of PO43-(0.10%-0.15%) can promote the CMC enzyme activity of growth period, but were depressed at a Ca2+concentration of0.3%-0.6%.According to study the Lip enzyme activity of various stages, the results as folllow: the Lip enzyme activity has a small fluctuation during the mycelia growth period and post-ripening period, increasing and reach its maximum during the low temperature stimulus period, then decrease during the fruitbody growth period, the Lip enzyme activity is reduced to the same as the mycelia growth period when7days after harvest. Between0.20%-0.60%, K+can promote the Lip enzyme activity and reach the peak to3Uduring the low temperature stimulus period. The promotion of low concentrations of Ca2+(0.30%-0.60%) are showed on the mycelia growth period and the low temperature stimulus period and7days after harvest.(3) On the protein content:Measured the protein content by Coomassie Brilliant Blue, the results show that: Low concentration of potassium ions (0.05%<K<0.10%) to contribute to the absorption of the free protein of the extracellular mycelium, the difference between the mycelia growth period and the period after harvest are227.2ug/mL and242.8ug/mL. The low concentration of calcium (0.30%-0.60%) and low concentration of phosphorus (0.02%-0.08%) can increase the protein content during low temperature stimulus period.Overall results, the absorption capacity of the soluble protein can be improved through adding potassium, calcium, magnesium, phosphorus.