Examining The Elasticity Of Carotid Artery In Patients With Sleep Apnea Syndrome By E-Tracking Technology

Sleep apnea syndrome is that sleep apnea and/or hypopnea appear in thenight due to airway obstruction or other cause. The syndrome makes the bodyin a low oxygen mixed hypercapnia state and result in a variety of pathologicalchanges and clinical manifestations. It is common seen in clinical and is aserious threat to human health. Sleep apnea syndrome may be correlated witharterial atherosclerosis. This study takes patients of simple sleep apneasyndrome and the sleep apnea syndrome with hypertension as the researchobjects. We use Two-dimensional ultrasound to detect carotid IMT, and useE-Tracking technology to text the carotid elasticity of the research objects. Thepurpose is to study the relationship between SAS and the carotid arteryelasticity，and provide information for the further study of pathothysiology andthe treatment of sleep apnea syndrome in clinical.The all of research objects included three groups：group A（normal controlgroup）：healthy adults36cases，male22cases，female14cases，with anaverage age46±8.87years old；group B（simple sleep apnea syndrome patientsgroup）: sleep apnea syndrome patients of36cases, male26cases, female10cases, with an average age of45.67±12.01years old; group C(sleep apneasyndrome patients with hypertension): sleep apnea syndrome patients withhypertension30cases, the male21cases, female9cases, with an average ageof49.13±17.81years old. The test content and methods: Blood pressure; Weuse two-dimensional ultrasound to examine the plaque of the common carotidartery、internal carotid artery and the external carotid artery, measure IMT ofcommon carotid artery; We use E-Tracking technology to test elasticparameters of bilateral common carotid artery of all research objects. Elastic parameters include stiffness parameter (β)、Arterial compliance(AC)、Elasticitymodulus(Eρ)、one-point pulse wave velocity calculated from β value(PWV β).Texting results:1. IMT values of left and right common carotid artery：Group C＞Group B＞Group A, there are significant difference among the threegroups;2.β and Eρ values of left and right common carotid artery: Group C＞Group B＞Group A, there are significant difference among the three groups;3.AC values of left and right common carotid artery: Group C＜Group B＜Group A, there are significant difference among the three groups;4. PWV βvalues of left and right common carotid artery：Group B、Group C＞Group A，Group A compared with Group B and C, there are significant difference; GroupB and Group C compared, there is not significant difference;5. According toIMT and whether the carotid plaques of carotid artery exist, Group B and Cwere divided into three groups respectively, Group B0and C0: IMT＜0.09mm,no plaques; Group B1and C1: IMT＞0.09mm, no plaques; Group B2and C2:have plaques. In the Group B, β values of left and right common carotid artery:Group B2＞Group B0、GroupB1，Group B2compared with Group B0and B1,all have significant difference; In the Group C, β and Eρ values of left and rightcommon carotid artery：Group C1、GroupC2＞Group C0, Group C1、C2compared with Group C0, there are significant difference；AC value：Group C2＜Group C0，Group C2compared with Group C0，there are great significantdifference，PWVβ value：Group C2＞Group C0，there are great significantdifference.The results of this study show that sleep apnea syndrome is a risk factor ofatherosclerosis. Firstly the disease can lead to the change of the arteryfunction， make the elasticity of artery decline; Furtherly it can causemorphological change of arteries, including the artery IMT thickening and atherosclerosis plaque formation. Pathophysiological changes of the sleepapnea syndrome patients which include vascular endothelial cell damage、endothelial function disorder and metabolic changes, dyslipidedia, increase ofblood viscosity and so on for the reason of repeated hypoxia-reoxygenationcontributed to the occurrence of atherosclerosis：the change of arterial elasticityand the formation of atherosclerotic plaque. Sleep apnea syndrome withhypertension can make the change of function and morphology of the arteriesaggravated, promote the occurrence of atherosclerosis.In this study we use E-Tracking technology to text stiffness parameter(β)、Elasticity modulu（sEρ）、one-point pulse wave velocity calculated from β value（PWVβ）and Arterial compliance(AC) of the artery of sleep apnea syndromepatients. At present, the research data about the artery elasticity of sleep apneasyndrome patients is less relatively. The E-Tracking technology can track thechange of systolic and diastolic diameter of the artery walls automatically, andcalculate some elastic coefficient values, the results are more accurate. TheE-Tracking technology can evaluate the change of the peripheral arteryelasticity early and accurately in sleep apnea syndrome patients as anoninvasive examination way, and provide information for the diagnosis andtreatment of arterial elasticity change in sleep apnea syndrome patients early.