Investigation And Analysis On Disposal Of Medical Waste Of Medical Institutions In Luwan District Shanghai

Medical waste is one of the high-risk wastes as to be the resource of disease infection to both the hospitals and the society if not handled in an appropriate way. Ample attention has been paid to the research and the treatment of medical wastes in China. With the technological and economic development going deep and reaching far, several regulations, rules and policies have been put forward together with the mature technological requirements and rules, paving the way for the medical wastes management supervision. Nevertheless, the aggregate medical wastes are on the increase with the advancement of health protection, of the whole nation’s economy and of the medical treatment services. Besides, new problems on medical wastes treatment have emerged with the transformation of the prevention and the treatment of common and chronic diseases to medical institutions like community medical service centers, family doctor services aiming to provide the mass with medical treatment services in a convenient way.The paper has acknowledged a systematic status quo of medical wastes management, the medical wastes treatment of medical institutions, the outcome of medical wastes and their influential factors in Luwan District of Shanghai, analyzed the different treatments between medical institutions of different scales, surveyed the cognition of medical staff on medical wastes treatment and their awareness of self-protection, further dug out the weak points in the medical institutions on medical wastes treatments so as to carry out relative resolutions to the existing problems for the establishment of scientific and standard supervision, staff training and technological guidance on medical wastes treatment.The research on medical institutions finds that with medical institutions providing beds, public medical institutions have displayed bad performance on Medical Wastes Classified Collection and Management with points constitute of the first-level medical institutions 58.1%, the second-level 44.2%and the third-level 56.6%respectively while problems of private medical institutions lie in the Regulation and Implementation of Medical Wastes and Medical Wastes Classified Collection and Management with points constitute of 51.9%and 27.1%respectively. As for medical institutions with no bed, the pass rate on Medical Wastes Classified Collection and Management is 87.5%with different medical wastes leaving about in several institutions, institutions with comprehensive medical wastes supervision system occupies merely 26.8%, problems like temporary stock of outdated medical wastes and self-transport of medical wastes stand out of other problems. As for the community medical service centers, the problem focuses on the transport of medical wastes charged by their affiliated service centers with a low standard transport tools and merely a few tools sterilized and detected.The research on the staff dealing with medical wastes of 9 logistic service enterprises shows that the staff change rate per year reaches as high as 27.4%due to the strenuous work and meager income, intensifying the training, management and supervision of the staff on dealing with medical wastes treatment as well as bringing problems to working qualities. Other factors also contribute to the problems, such as 62.9%of the staff is below junior college degree with inadequate standard operation skills, different medical institutions vary in medical wastes management, even different areas or links of the same medical institution vary in medical wastes management.The research on the violation cases finds that the top 5 violation cases are "Storage facilities or equipment not in accordance to environmental protection and health requirements" with 16 cases; "Failure to the classification of medical wastes in special packages or containers" with 13 cases; "’wastes dump and pile up in non-storage sites or medical wastes mixed with other wastes and living garbage" with 8 cases;"Failure to provide related staff with related laws and professional technology, safety and emergency treatment knowledge" with 4 cases; "No sound medical wastes management system’" with 4 cases. In the case-punishment process, the weak punishment on violation behavior doesn’t arouse the ample attention of the medical institutions conversely making it possible for the long-term existence and repeated occurrence of such cases. Meanwhile, the reasons for the violation cases transfer from the mishandling of related staff in medical institutions to the medical wastes discarded by patients and their family members inside the institutions.According to the problems in the research, this paper puts forward the strengthening of standardized construction, of professional construction, of public welfare construction, and of massive propaganda and thorough coordination for sound medical wastes treatment.As for standardized construction, emphasis should be put on detailed regulations and rules, explicit standards, process guidance and construction via regular inspection, rigorous enforcement and harsh punishment. The standardized level should be achieved via a detailed reference standard on medical wastes treatment with different guidance set up for medical institutions of different scales.As for professional construction, a batch of service enterprises on medical wastes treatment should be established and supported. Their staff should obtain professional training with examination pass and then be dispatched to each medical institution in directly collecting, storing, transporting and handling with medical wastes for a professional team with high standard technology and financial support.As for public welfare construction, the government should implement subsidies on the medical wastes handling expenditures of medical health institutions with a burden relief on the handled unit and subsidies for handling units so as to increase the handling rate on medical wastes.As for massive propaganda, the health-related and environmental protection departments should carry out some propaganda and environmental hazards education to the mass for a sound knowledge of medical wastes and their perils. Moreover, staff in medical institutions should inform the patients and their family members of methods to deal with the medical wastes such as cotton ball in the medical process. Besides, the medical staff may also combine the propaganda with the community wastes classification in cities proposed by the state recently, making the mass realize the danger of the medical wastes.As for thorough coordination, the government’s role should never be neglected in the medical wastes handling. Considering the transport coverage of handling units and their efficiency, the environmental protection department can establish special transit facilities in accordance to the city grids management system with lanes or communities as project units and arrange professional staff and transportation equipment for the transportation of all medical wastes in the administrative areas. The application of information technology will provide the thorough management system with convenient and inexpensive effective measures.