| Objectives:Diabetes mellitus is a kind of life-long chronic disease whose therapeutic efficacies lieon the treatment attitudes and the self-management abilities of patients. Positive treatmentattitudes and favorable self-management abilities can delay the occurrences of complicationseffectively and improve the qualities of life of patients. This work studies the effects ofself-management abilities of patients with diabetes mellitus after discharge using the peereducation, and monitors changes of their blood glucose values, their glycosylatedhemoglobin A1cs, their body weights, their blood pressures, and so on, to evaluate theeffects of peer education and influences on the self-management abilities of patients.Methods:We select70hospitalized patients with diabetes mellitus in the endocrinologydepartment of the First hospital of Jilin University during June in2010and June in2011, andrandomly divided into two groups, an experimental group and a control group, with35patients in each group. We establish expenrimental nurse team and train them. We signatureinformed consent documents with patients, hand out of questionnaires, and constructpersonal files before the experiment. Patients in both groups are all accepted healtheducation and hospital discharge guide by experimental nurses during their hospitalizationperiods. The patients in the experimental group are accepted the additional traditional healtheducation and the peer education for a period of six months, and the patients in the controlgroup are only accepted the traditional health education for a period of six months. In thewhole process of the experiment, all patients are accepted hemospasia once every twomonths in the hospital. The changes of their blood glucose values, their glycosylatedhemoglobin A1cs, their blood pressures, their body weights are monitored. After theexperiment, All data obtained by the experiment are arranged and statistically analyzed. Alldata are handled by SPSS18.0, the statistical results are expressed by mean number andstandard deviation (x±s),median Md(Ql,Qu) and proportion(％). Between the two groups, mean numbers are compared by paired t-test,independent t-test and Wilcoxon Signed ranktest, and enumeration data are compared by the proportion(％) and Chi-Square test(use theFisher’s exact probability test for statistical analysis when the theory frequency is small).There are differences with statically significance when P<0.05, and differences withobviously statically significance when P<0.01.Results:1. One patient is failed to be follow up in control group, that is to say there are69patients participated in the whole experiment. There are not differences with staticallysignificance between baseline data (age, sex, educational background, vocation, diseasecourse, postoperative complications, marital status, and so on) in the two groups: there iscomparability (P>0.05).2. Patients in the experimental group are better than those in the control group inaspects of self-management of sports and dietaries, and of monitoring of drugs and bloodglucose and whole self-management ability: there are differences with statically significance(P<0.05). At the same time, there are not differences with statically significance in aspects ofself-management for feet, and of preventions and treatments of glycemia or hypoglycemiabetween patients in the two groups (P>0.05).3. Before intervention, there are not differences with statically significance betweenpatients in the two groups in aspects of fasting blood-glucose,2-hour postprandial glucose,glycosylated hemoglobin A1c, and body weights (P>0.05). After intervention with two, four,and six months, blood glucose values of patients in the experimental group are decreasedcompared to those in the control group, and there are differences with statically significance(P<0.05). After intervention with four and six months,2-hour postprandial glucose ofpatients in the experimental group are decreased compared to those in the control group, andthere are differences with statically significance (P<0.05). The same results as blood glucosevalues for glycosylated hemoglobin A1cs are obtained. Furthermore, there are obviouslydifferences with statically significance after intervention with four and six months (P<0.01).After intervention with four and six months, body weights of patients in the experimentalgroup are decreased compared to those in the control group, and there are differences withstatically significance (P<0.05).4. No matter before or after intervention, there are not differences with staticallysignificance in aspects of blood pressure between patients in the two groups (P>0.05).Conclusions: 1. Peer education can help patients with diabetes mellitus improve their abilities ofself-management of dietaries and sports, and of monitoring of drugs, and blood glucose,andwhole self-management ability, but it cannot affect patients on the abilities ofself-management for feet, and of preventions and treatments of glycemia or hypoglycemiaevidently.2. Peer education can help patients with diabetes mellitus decrease their fastingblood-glucose,2-hour postprandial glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin A1c, and bodyweights.3. The control effects of peer education on blood pressures of patients with diabetesmellitus are not ideal, there needs a further study on influence factors and the significance. |
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