Analysis On The Graduate Education In Tertiary Specialized Hospitals Of Obstetrics And Gynecology In Shanghai

[Background] Graduate education is a higher level of professional education on the basis of undergraduate education, which aims to provide the training of innovative researchers. With the development of higher education of our country, the enrollment of graduate students has been increasing each year. The rapid expansion in the number of students, combined with the diversity in the educational and social background of the students, have exceeded the capacity of the current educational resources and made a huge impact on the quality of graduate education. Thus current education management and the training methods have become a tremendous challenge.[Objective] The study was designed and undertaken in two Obstetrics and Gynecology hospitals in Shanghai. Three types of objects:graduate student instructors, graduate students, executives in the scientific research&education departments. The objectives of the study are to investigate the current situation of postgraduate training and to provide theoretical basis for the establishment of an effective management system and training methods in order to improve the quality of graduate education.[Contents and Methods] The analysis of the management policies of the graduate education, postgraduate training method and content, the effect of graduate education and the status of students’life employment and stress level have been conducted through literature review, the hospital survey, questionnaire surveys and interviews. Data were evaluated by t-test, Fisher’s exact test.[Results] Study found that the satisfaction level of the graduate students’quality among instructors and managers is not high, only1/3of the tutors were satisfied with the students’quality. The age of tutors was mainly between the ages of40-50years of age. Most of the instructive time is less than five years.88%of the tutors are having less than5students with12%are unable to recruit one student. Compared to the general hospitals, the enrollment number in specialty hospitals is limited by the enrollment restrictions due to the relatively small specialty scale.Graduate training program was overall good, but the awareness was not high. Tutors and students got to a common view that there are some unsatisfactory aspects in the current graduate curricula. To give graduate students the freedom of choice in the curriculum should promote the multi-disciplinary cross-penetration. In addition, students and instructors also complained the lack in the setting of cutting-edge, thought-provoking lecture courses. They also expected a more reasonable allocation of the time for graduate curriculum, clinical rotation and research practice. Only62.50%of the graduate students know clear about the postgraduate training program.The survey showed that although77.08%of graduate students were satisfied with their tutors’professional guidance, respectively,12.5%,8.33%,14.58%,29.16%, and22.92%of the students thought that their tutor did not give adequate instruction in the bedside teaching and during operation. The department did not regularly organized teaching ward rounds, case discussion, and small lectures. In addition,56.25percent of the students thought hands-on opportunity was relatively not enough to improve their clinical skills.It was showed that16%of the tutors and4.17%of the students thought there were no difficulties in completing graduate dissertations and papers, but the majority said that there is a little difficult but could be overcame through their own efforts. It was acceptable for most of the tutors and doctoral candidates that SCI papers must be published.It was also showed that postgraduate training effect was approved by both graduate students and instructors (the average score was above3.5). In the assessment of the training effect, the tutors generally agreed that students lack the innovative scientific thinking, independent learning ability, ability to overcome difficulties.Furthermore, graduates had a lot of pressure during the study period. In regard to the life situation of graduate students, the survey showed that22.92%of the graduate students had little spare time. In the arrangement of spare time, most students choose to do the experiment in their spare time. Under various pressures, the graduate students suffered varying degrees of anxiety and nearly half of them required the help from mental health courses or seminars.97.72%of the graduate students were aware of the importance of career planning, but only12.50%of the students made their own career planning. In regard to the employment situation, the employment rate of the graduate students in two hospitals in the study achieved100%in recent five years, but only52.09%of the students were optimistic or relatively optimistic about the current employment situation.[Conclusion and Suggestions] Based on the findings, author thinks that the quality of graduate students in tertiary specialized hospitals of obstetrics and gynecology in Shanghai cannot exactly meet the expectation. The graduate training program and effect were overall good, and the professional guidance of the tutor was also approved by the students. But the awareness of the graduate training program was not high and clinical professional skills training was lacking. Academic research and the acceptance of the requirement of papers were worth attention. In addition, graduates had a lot of pressure during the study period. It is recommended:1. To improve the quality of graduate enrollment and reform of the enrollment regulations:to perform all-round evaluation of the candidates and give more freedom for the tutors to choose their students.2. Optimization of graduate programs and clinical skills training. Optimization of the graduate curriculum:to add the courses which introduces latest development in the current researches, highlighting the flexibility and practicability of the curriculum; to encourage interdisciplinary courses and allow students to conduct multi-disciplinary, interdisciplinary, cross-college learning; to arrange reasonably for the early-stage theoretical teaching and post-incubation time distribution. Strict implementation of the training program:to ensure sufficient time for the training of students’clinical skills. Specification of clinical teaching, improve the awareness of clinicians with education and teaching, strengthen the management department and the department’s own teaching system supervision, emphasize the rotation examination, to ensure the quality and effectiveness of the training of the clinical round.3. Clearly defined the responsibility of the tutor as the first person in charge of the graduate students, and give full play to the teaching team. Management department should establish a platform for communication between teachers and students, coordinating teacher-student relationship.4. To improve the students’ability of scientific research. Strengthen the training of research capacity of academic type and to improve the quality of dissertation. Guide the doctoral student to a correct understanding of the requirements of the publication of SCI papers.5. To alleviate the pressure of life and employment of graduate. Be concerned about the physical and mental health of students, enrich the graduate school life and to expand the graduate social range. To the graduates who had financial difficulties, hospital can improve the graduate students’subsistence allowance. To set career guidance lectures or salons and other exchange platform and improve the students’ ability for the career planning.