The Contrast Of Prepositions Between Chinese And Vietnam And The Analysis On Errors Made In Using The Chinese Prepositions By Vietnamese Students

The preposition occupies a very important position in Chinese grammar system. Classification and usage of prepositions in Modern Chinese are more complicated. Therefore, it is very easy for the learners to make mistakes if they can not correctly understand and grasp the meaning of prepositions and also their usage, especially for the initial stage students. It is for this reason that the author has decided to select the topic 《The contrast of prepositions between Chinese and Vietnam and the analysis on errors made in using the Chinese prepositions by Vietnamese students》. The first purpose of this paper is to help learners better understand the classification and usage of prepositions, followed by finding the common mistakes the learners make in the use of them, so as to identify the reason and help them correct their inaccuracy.In order to achieve the above purposes, the author has a survey of159students in the Chinese department at Tay Bac University (Vietnam). The survey results show that the first and second grade students make relatively high proportion of errors, accounting for more than50%. Although the third and fourth grade students make fewer mistakes than freshman and sophomore, they do not grasp the usage of prepositions completely so that they make some errors that they probably shouldn’t make.The author collected common errors in using prepositions the students make, and carefully group them into four main categories:(1) preposition used improperly;②lack of prepositions;③preposition abuse;④preposition improperly located. The main reasons for the biased errors are found through an in-depth analysis, they include:(1) maximize the semantics but ignore their usage;②cannot distinguish parts of speech;③interference of Han Dynasty words and the mother tongue;④the teacher’s teaching methods;⑤restrictions from school equipment and References. Among the survey results, there are some bias error types which occur in high frequency, indicating that the learner is not high for such errors alertness; and some type of errors in relatively low frequency which indicate that the learners generally have the ability to control and identify the error. According to the causes of errors, the author has put forward some advice on the learning and teaching, hoping to provide a reference material for Vietnamese students.But because of the limited knowledge and inadequate reference materials in hand, the types of errors in using prepositions summed up in this paper may not be comprehensive. Anyone’s (including teachers and friends) comments should be heard as there are careless omissions in one way or another.