Urban Regional Carbon Source Carbon Sink Space-time Pattern Study

Since the industrial revolution, the rapid development of global industrialization process have made fossil energy such as coal, oil, gas etc in great amount use, which have resulted dramatical increasing of atmospheric greenhouse gas content. The global carbon balance has been severely disrupted. The increasing of atmospheric greenhouse gas content has made globe atmospheric temperature rose, and has led to a series of problems like the rising of sea levels, frequent extreme climate disasters and so on. As the core node of human material and spiritual civilization, urban is the main source of greenhouse gas emission. In recent years, urbanization process in China is developing with an accelerated speed; both quantities and scales of urban are increasing rapidly; quantities of energy consumption and carbon emissions are so great that urban areas will be the key area for energy conservation and emission reduction in China. In the“Word Climate Change”conference of Copenhagen2009, the Chinese government has made a promise, that carbon emissions in China been decreased to40%-45%of the amount of the year2005until2020. For China, the burden is heavy and the road is long. To study the spatial and temporal distribution characteristic of carbon source and sink in urban areas, figure out main factors that influence amount changing of carbon source and sink, control and slow down carbon emissions from both source reduction and sink increasing is the only way for China to realize low carbon development.The thesis constructed study ideas and basic framework of urban areas’carbon source and sink based on theoretical approach home and abroad. With the energy production and consumption structure of Yinchuan Plain Urban Area as the breakthrough point, this thesis calculated the quantities of carbon source and sink according to classified results using methods such as energy coefficient and CITYgreen mode. Spatial and temporal distribution and its influencing factors of carbon source and sink were analized on the basis of the calculation results. Finally, the balance status of carbon source and sink in Yinchuan Plain Urban Area were discussed from the angle of carbon cycle. The results show: Coal dominated energy production structure decided the Coal-based energy consumption structure in Yinchuan Plain Urban area. The low coverage grassland-based natural vegetation and cropland-based artificial vegetation in Yinchuan Plain Urban Area decided the low levels of carbon sink there. The secondary industry is the main carbon source and the cropland vegetation is the major carbon sink in Yinchuan Plain Urban area. The8towns in Yinchuan plain urban area were divided into different types according to the total quantities’distribution of carbon source and sink. Distribution of Carbon source:The municipal district of Shi Zuishan is the Particularly High Emission Area; QingTongxia city and the municipal district of Yinchuan are the High Emission Areas; Pingluo County is the Secondary High Emission Area; Litong district and Yongning County are the General Emission Areas; Helan county is the Low Emission area; Quantities of energy consumption and carbon emissions in Lingwu city is increasing so rapidly in recent years that it has passed from the Low Emission Area to the High Emission Area. Distribution of carbon sink:Pingluo county and Lingwu city are the Particularly High Carbon Sink Area; Qing tongxia city is the High Carbon Sink Area; Yongning county, Helan county and the municipal district of Yinchuan are the Secondary High carbon sink areas; Litong district is the General Carbon Sink Area; The municipal district of Shi Zuishan is the low Carbon Sink Area. The main influencing factors of spatial and temporal distributions of carbon source in Yinchuan Plain Urban Area are the rapid increasing of GDP, the evolution of industrial structure and the carbon emission intensity. The simplex vegetation structure is the decisive factor of the low level of carbon sink in Yinchuan Plain Urban Area. Forest land, grass land and urban green space have larger potential of carbon sink increasing in the future. Carbon emissions that offset by vegetation carbon sink is so limited, that the subtle emission is increasing year by year with the growth of emissions from energy consumption. The severe imbalance status of carbon source and sink will bring great pressure for carbon deduction in Yinchuan Plain Urban Area in the future.