Compulsory Education Development Between Regional Equalization Problem Research

In recent years, the compulsory education of our country has presented varieties development formwhich are unbalance. With the quickly development of the urbanization, it has appeared someproblems, such as the floating children can’t accept education and so on.These imbalancephenomenon has resulted to a good many unstable factors, such as unfair education、unfairsociety and so on, which stimulate the desire of the people to the fair education.Balanced compulsory education can restrain the emergency of these unfair phenomenoneffectively and enable people to enjoy the equal education resource.With the completion of the goal inthe effort to make nine-year compulsory education, the discussed focus of the public opinion has turnedfrom popularization to balance development. In view of these, the studies of the balanced compulsoryeducation have important theoretical meaning and realistic value.After summaring the research of many scholars about compulsory education, thispaper analyzed the progress of compulsory education of some foreign countries, andsummed up the common features of developed countries to deal with the problem ofequalization of compulsory education. After this, the paper analyzed the progress、thefeatures and the problems of our country’s compulsory education. Then the papercompleted the following works and obtained the following conclusions:Firstly, using the grade difference, grade difference rate, coefficient of variation, Taylor indexand the Gini coefficient, the paper made an empirical analysis for the unbalanced developmentof our country’s compulsory education. The paper made comprehensive and objectiveanalysis among the eastern, the central and the western, among every provinces betweenthe urban and the rural, and obtained the following conclusions: the absolute difference ofour country’s compulsory education was large, but the relative differences which mainlypresent the internal differences of the regional, had a narrowing trend in the past two years.The difference between the urban and the rural,among the countries of the same level havenot been significantly improved.Secondly, considering the difference of economic, the difference of fiscal capacity oflocal governments, the difference of fiscal spending and the difference of the centraltransfer payment, the paper used the panel-data model to make a deeply analysis for theunbalanced development of our country’s compulsory education. By unit root test,cointegration test, F test and the Hausman test, the paper established a mixed-effects modelfor the primary school, a fixed-effects model for the junior school. Then the paper obtainedthat the four factors caused prominent effects to the development of compulsory education. The difference of fiscal spending and the difference of fiscal capacity of local governmentscan make greater effect for the compulsory education. the central transfer payment can’tbalance the difference of the development of junior education and it plays a balanced rolein primary schools, but the effect is also small.