Analysis Of Spatial And Temporal Variability Regularity Of Precipitation And Temperature In Qinghai Province

In recent years, it has make Qinghai climate changed by continuous action from humanactivities and natural factors. This change has an impact on regional development andutilization of water resources, economic construction and farming, and also has the impact onnational and global climate change and on ecosystem balance. It helps to understand the causeof climate change through depth understanding of trend and spatial-temporal distribution ofprecipitation and temperature in Qinghai province, also it is significanct and scientificapplications on the regional ecogical environment construction, agriculture economicdevelopment and water resources protection and configuration.In this paper, it used linear trend rate method, Mann-Kendall trend test method, t testmethod, Empirical orthogonal function with ArcGIS spatial interpolation techniques andassociated computer programming, data processing software to anaysis spatial-temporalevolution characteristics of precipitation and temperature in Qinghai province and fourecological function zones, based on47years from1960to2006daily meteorological data on31meteorological stations. The main conclusions are below:(1) The whole province’s average annual rainfall is272.7mm and uneven distributionduring the year; Precipitation in spring and summer is smooth; Rainfall in autumn tends todecrease; Rainfall in winter increases slightly; In spatial distribution, rainfall in Qinghaiprovince firstly increases and then reduces from northwest to southeast, and the tendency rateranged from-228.5to334.5mm/10a; The tendency rate of rainfall in spring ranges from-50.5to76.0mm/10a; The tendency rate of rainfall in summer ranges from-170.5to170.5mm/10a;The tendency rate of rainfall in autumn ranges from-92.5to160.0mm/10a; In winter rainfalltendency rate ranges from-4to24mm/10a.(2) Summer rain rainfall and summer moderate rain days have most contributions to theincrease of annual precipitation. Four levels of rainfall precipitation, rain days and rainfallintensity mutation occurred variability in temporal and spatial distrubition. There are five kinds of anomal spatial distributions of seasonal and annual precipitation by empiricalorthogonal function methods.(3) Seasonal and annual mean temperature is uneven distribution. Annual and decadaltemperature changes in the upward trend, and significant warming since2001. Annual meantemperature is with significant regional differences and exhibites variability in spatial andtemporal distribution.(4) Extreme temperature in spring and summer oscillates frequently, and in autumn andwinter temperature vibration is stability. The spatial distribution of extreme temperature hasmain three kinds. Annual mean temperatures in winter and maximum (or minimum)temperature have influence on annual mean temperature changes.(5) The trend of seasonal and monthly diurnal temperature is same. Diurnal minimumtemperature in summer in Qinhai changes very small because atmospheric circulation.Diurnal temperature exists variability in spatial and temporal distribution.(6) Changes in temperature and precipitation affectes by natural and anthropogenic factors,and their variations are linked in spatial and temporal distribution.