Preparation And Application Of Economic Environment-friendly Adsorbent Materials

With the development of industry and agriculture, coupled with the irrational exploitation of water resources, water pollution problem has become particularly prominent. If these problems are not been soluted timely and effectively, they will threat to the sustainable development of China’s economy, so treatment of pollutants in water resources have become quite important. In water treatment, economic environmental adsorption materials due to theirs wide variety of sources, cheap and easy to get, they are progazed by environmental and materials research scholars. In the field of the environment, adsorption materials for environmental protection can be used to treat wastewater. Attapulgite, coal fly ash, blast furnace slag and other materials are cheap and easy to get, and has good adsorption performance, and thus subject to the attention of researchers in recent years has also been a certain degrees of development. At present, these materials are applied mainly in two forms: raw materials or raw materials been modified used in water treatment; based on these materials for the synthesis of another adsorbent. Raw materials directly modified were economic and cheap, but for the limited space of the performance improvement of the material. The raw materials by adding other ingredients then use a simple process to synthetic adsorbent is an ideal way. Adsorbents been used in water treatment have a common problem of drawbacks, is the adsorbent was difficult to recovery. Adsorption materials with magnetic materials composite prepared to magnetic composite materials is expected to solve this problem, the magnetic composite materials been applicated in the environment is also one of the research hot spots. The main contents and results are summarized as follow:(1) Modification of attapulgite, coal fly ash, modified attapulgite used as a control loss agent thus prepared control lose fertilizer, and set up a evaluation program for the control lose fertilizer; modified fly ash been used in the phosphorus wastewater treatment processing. The conditions of experiment have been optimized, which indicated that the attapulgite roasting temperature of250℃; CaCl2, MgCl2, FeCl2, AlCl3salt exchange method modified fly ash, CaCl2, MgCl2modified fly ash works best in phosphorus removal process; the most suitable calcination temperature of fly ash is200℃. Calcined at250℃attapulgite made control loss additive can reduce the ammonium nitrogen loss in the fertilizer by about30%; Use200℃calcined fly ash modified combine with the salt exchange to treat25mg/L of phosphorus-containing wastewater, the phosphorus removal rate can reach95%or more.(2) Provides a simple method to use the slag synthetic tobermorite, combined with XRD, SEM to characterize the materials. The synthetic tobermorite was used as control loss agent for phosphorus control lost,and also modified the synthetic tobermorite with salt exchange method, modified tobermorite treat1×10-5mol/L Rhodamine6G solution, and then investigate the adsorption time, dosage, pH and other parameters. Optimization experiments to determine the optimal experimental conditions are as follows:the slag synthesis to tobermorite feedstock Ca/(A1+Si) ratio of0.8, the Al/(A1+Si) ratio of0.15, and the synthesis temperature of180℃, the synthesis time for12hours. Agent of the tobermorite can reduce the loss of about20%phosphorus in the phosphate fertilizer; modified tobermorite deal with Rhodamine6G solution optimal dosage of6g/L, and the best adsorption time is30minutes, with the significant changes in the pH of the solution, the changes of adsorption rate is very small, the equation accord to the Langmuir adsorption process.(3) In order to improve the utilization of the tobermorite and the separation recovery, the magnetic tobermorite (tobermorite@SiO2/Fe3O4) composite material was been synthesized. Then combined with XRD, SEM, TEM characterized it. Phosphate solution as wastewater, then studied the adsorption time, pH and other conditions, and treat the actual phosphorus wastewater. Phosphorus adsorption to determine the optimal conditions:dosage10g/L, and the adsorption time of30minutes, as the pH of the solution changes, the phosphorus removal rate of the composite material has changed small.