Synthesis Of Novel Nanomaterials And Their Application On Glucose Sensor

Nanomaterials have special microstructure, which results in a series of special physicaland chemical properties. Scientists are paying more and more attention to prepare newnanomaterials and composites and used to build high-sensitivity, high selectivity ofelectrochemical biosensor. In this paper, the CdSe@CdS quantum dots, three differentnanostructures of CuO, MWNTs-CuO nanocomposites and graphene-CuO nanocompositeswere synthesized and used to fabricate amperometric glucose sensor. The electrocatalyticproperties of the sensors based on these electrodes to the glucose oxidation were investigated.The experimental results as follows:（1） MWCNTs-Chit/GOD/CdSe@CdS/GCE electrode was constructed by immobilizingGOD in the MWCNTs-Chit and CdSe@CdS composite membrane, and the direct electrontransfer of GOD on the MWCNTs-Chit/GOD/CdSe@CdS/GCE electrode was investigated.Meanwhile, the electrocatalytic oxidation to glucose of biosensor was also discussed. Theexperimental results showed that the linear range for glucose determination was from1.6×10^-4to5.6×10^-3M，the detection limit of the sensor was2.5×10^-5M （S/N=3）.（2） Graphene-CuO nanocomposites were synthesized on a template of graphene by an insitu synthesis approach and used to fabricate an enzyme-free amperometric glucose sensor.The fabricated glucose sensor showed that the linear dependence was from2.0μM to0.06mM,with high sensitivity of1480μA mM^-1cm^-2, fast response time of3s and low detection limitof0.29μM （S/N=3）.（3） Three different nanostructures of CuO （nanoparticles, nanoplatelets, nanorods） havebeen synthesized and used to construct nonenzymatic glucose sensors. The electrochemicalstudy has shown that the CuO nanoparticles exhibit the highest catalytic effect on the glucoseoxidation than that the CuO nanorods or the nanoplatelets. This may be attributed to its fastelectron transfer ability and highly specific surface area of the nanoparticles.（4） MWNTs-CuO nanocomposites were synthesized by a one-step chemical synthesisapproach and used to fabricate an enzyme-free amperometric glucose sensor. The fabricatedglucose sensor showed that the linear dependence was from0.01to0.25mM, with highsensitivity of2714.28μA mM^-1cm^-2and low detection limit of0.56μM （S/N=3）.