Study On The Status Of Rerfactive Development And Its Influence Factors Among Pre-school Children In Maanshan City

Background：With China’s rapid economic and social development,poor vision of children areshowing the trend of the rising incidence and age of onset gradually advance,andrefractive errors was the most important reason for the poor visual among pre-schoolchildren.Objective：The aim of this survey is to describe the refractive development situation and exploreits influence factors among preschool children in Maanshan City,to provide scientificbasis for making reasonable pertinent strategy and exploring effective interventionmodel.Methods:Four daily outpatient clinics and8nursery schools in Maanshan City were chosenrandomly as study sites.A total of20326month～6years old children were chosen bycluster sampling from these research sites. After the informed consent of the parents,the refractive statuses of the included children were measured using Suresighthand-hold refractomter by the Professional child care doctors.The results weredetermined according the instrument recommended reference value of refractive error.For children with abnormal results,repeat optometry after dilated using1%atropineeye ointment,the diagnosis were determined combined with professionalophthalmologist finally. Questionnaire survey was conducted by unified training investigators usingself-administrated questionnaire to the parents of the screened children face to face, orfilled by themself in the investigator’s Guide.The survey content include: demographiccharacteristics and family situation, the parents visual acuity, exposure duringpregnancy of mother, child birth conditions and daily living conditions,the children’sdiet and eating habits, parents eye care knowledge and protect the child’s visualbehavior.After data collection, EpiData3.1software was used for data entry and verification,and SPSS13.0statistical package was used for data analysis.Result:The rate of refractive errors was31.1%in preschool children. The mainly type ofrefractive errors was astigmatism,accounting94.1%.With the increase of the age,therate of refractive errors decreased from6months to6years old.The rate of refractiveerrors in live scattered children was significantly higher than those in nursery andkindergarten children.the rata in local children was significantly higher than those innonlocal children.the understand rate of knowledge about vision protection in parentwere67.5%to94.2%.The protecting action of parent was lack.Univariate analysis showed visual development of preschool children in connectionwith parental occupation and education background,visual acuity of their parents,children’s birth conditions and daily living conditions,the children’s diet and eatinghabits, behaviors of parents to protect the children’s visual and so on. Multivariatelogistic analysis indicated age (OR=0.753,95%CI:0.692-0.818),nonlocal registeredresidence (OR=0.817,95%CI:0.703-0.948), favorite sleeping posture is sleep sideways(OR=0.783,95%CI:0.625-0.983) and lying down to sleep (OR=0.583,95% CI:0.437-0.779), rarely drink milk (OR=0.683,95%CI:0.471-0.992) and often drinkmilk (OR=0.668,95%CI:0.481-0.926), rarely eat dark fruit (OR=0.692,95%CI:0.535-0.895) were protective factors;strong household lighting (OR=2.907,95%CI:1.120-7.542) and oxygen inhalation at birth (OR=1.505,95%CI:1.012-2.238) were riskfactors.Conclusion:The incidence of refractive error was high among preschool children in Maanshan Cityand affected by many factors, comprehensive prevention and control measures shouldbe carried out to protect the visual development of children, in particular, publicity andeducation of the parents should be strengthen to improve their knowledge and behaviorto protect their children’s vision acuity.