| Chinese giant salamander Andrias davidianus is our country unique large amphibians, national class Ⅱ key protection of wild animal. Washing behavior, courtship behavior, locomotive behavior, resting behavior and agonistic behavior of Andrias davidianus in the environment of Imitated Natural Eco-breeding of the Qin ling Mountains were observed using time-fixed, location-fixed, focal-animal sampling, scan sampling and all-occurrence recording in order to reveal the washing behavior and its significance, courtship behavior and their time distribution, the relationship between the washing behavior and the courtship behavior of the male adult Andrias davidianus, at the same time we established the PAE (Posture, Act and Enviroment) coding of washing behavior, courtship behavior, locomotive behavior, resting behavior and agonistic behavior in our study in the July to August Of2011and2012. The aims of these studies not only can provide some data for behavior research, conservation and reproductive of Andrias davidianus. The main results and conclusions are as follows:1. Usually, the washing behavior begin at20:40pm, focus from21:40pm to1:20am, after the2:20am will no longer occur, but the washing behavior will reach the peak at about22:40pm. The results showed that the male adult Andrias davidianus had the washing behavior, which can be divided into four stages:washing exploration, gesture adjustment, washing and walk away. Washing exploration accounts for10.14%of tatal time, gesture adjustment for7.64%, washing for77.14%and walk away for5.08%. The washing posture included seven types:head washing, tail washing, trunk washing, movement washing, surround washing, adherence washing and rising-head washing. Age of8～10male adult33times a cumulative, washing behavior total number of11.30%;11～13male adult77times, accounts for27.02%;14～16male adult175times, accounts for61.4%. The older of the male adult was the more times of the washing behavior. In addition, the washing behavior of mean duration has no significant differences between the different male individuals.2. The washing behavior had an extreme positive correlation with courtship behavior.66.7%of the male adult Andrias davidianus exhibiting courtship behavior participated in the breeding successfully. This paper also pointed out that the washing behaviors of the male adult Andrias davidianus maybe enhance gonadal development and maintain breeding successfully via courtship behavior.3. Male adult Andrias davidianus is the initiator of the courtship behavior, the basic model of the courtship behavior can describe as inspection, move forward, kiss, creep on female back, follow, anogenital sniffing and invite. Inspection accounts for18.27%of total time, move forward for17.31%, kiss for11.54%, creep on female back10.58%, follow for13.46%, anogenital sniffing for7.69%and invite for21.15%. Usually, the courtship behavior begin at22:00pm, focus from23:00pm to1:00am, after the2:00am will no longer occur, but the courtship behavior will reach the peak at about0:30am.4. In this period the water temperature maintain at between18.28-18.76℃; the illumination intensity reaches the minimum daily value of0Lx and will no longer change. For male adult Andrias davidianus, courtship behavior, separately associated with water temperature and illumination. The correlation test showed that courtship behavior had no significant correlation with temperature, and it also had no significant correlation with the illumination.5. The five behavior categories, including pre-reproductive period of washing behavior, courtship behavior, resting behavior, locomotive behavior and agonistic behavior of Andrias davidianus, were recorded and defined. Taking the Posture-Act-Environment (PAE) as the axis, we had distinguished and coded the10postures,32kinds of act and6kinds of environment, and subdivide the five categories behavior of Andrias davidianus into24kinds of behavior. The24kinds of behavior were carried out PAE coding, which is based on temporal relations process. |
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