| From October 2012 to September 2013, the bird species within the 8km around the airport were studied. By using belt transect method and fixed radius sample method, we conducted an investigation onthe bird community around the flight area of Xianyang Airport. Avian community composition, distribution, activity, diversity and other characteristics were analyzed, and the relationship between the species and there habitat, to determine the dangerous bird species to airport in different seasons. While taking advantage of two variables correlation analysis on the existing airport precautions were assessed, and the results are designed to the airport to seek more effective prevention methods to maximize the bird strike. The results were as follows:1. Bird species composition:147 kinds of birds, belonging to 16 orders and 34 families, were recorded at Xianyang Airport. According to the type of migration, which are 45 species of resident,32 summer migratory birds,26 winter migrant species,44 travelling species; Divided according to flora, which are 85 species of Palearctic species,49 Oriental species,13 widespread species. Fly zone recorded a total 49 species of birds, belonging to 11 orders,25 families. From the type of residence,24 kinds of 24 species,11 species of migratory birds, species and 11 species of migratory birds,11 kinds of summer visitors,11 kinds of traveling birds, three kinds of winter migratory birds. The main bird species populations of the flight areas howed two peaks throughout the year, in Februaryand September. From the beginning of May the number of each species populations consistent upward trend until September reached the highest value.2. Distribution and activity of birds:Each year from February to April and from September to October is the two peak periods of the bird activities. Inspring birdsin 10:00-16:00 is the most active; in summer, the most active time is 6:00-8:00 and 18:00-20:00; in autumn, the time is 8:00-10:00; and the time becomes 10:00-14:00 in winter.3. Bird community diversity:Bird diversity in different habitats at different seasons and partition were comprehensively analyzed. In spring, meadows and wetland around the airport has a higher diversity index, while the diversity index is lower in apron and farmland. In summer, the diversity index is higher in meadows and residential, while the index is relatively lower in woodland and farmland. In autumn, the woodland near the airport has a higher diversity index. In winter, the index is higher in meadows, while it is lower in other area.4. Identify dangerous bird species:Reference important value (IV) method, combined with clustering phenomenon birds, birds flying height, density, and whether birds run across or fly over the runway and other acts to determine that eight kinds of birdsare the most dangerous to the airport. They are kestrels, common terns, pigeons, swallows, Chinese Bulbul, gray starlings, gray magpie and sparrows.5. Bird strike prevention equipment evaluation:Field service teams adhere to the implementation of the preventive measures we proposed. Specifically, some of the measures should be improved. Bird repellents prays would bebetter in the wee hours, especially in the summer, the sprays are not easily vaporize. Netting is better, net height can be adjusted according to different seasons of birds or add some advantages high net. The data should be well documented, especially in the number of shootings and shell quantity. Xi’an Xianyang International Airport after bird strike prevention measures taken in 2013 compared with 2012 the number of bird strikes incidents reduced(r=0.776,P=0.003<0.01). |
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