Design And Synthesis Of Core - Shell HMX - Based Two - Component Energetic Complexes

The energetic materials (explosives, pyrotechnics and propellant) is an important part of material science. How to improve the energy of energetic materials, to realize the goal of effective damage or to provide greater rocket thrust, has always been the target of the researchers. But in recent years, with the pursuit of higher weapon system safety, more attention has been payed to enhancing the safety of energetic materials. Thereby the potential safety hazard can be reduced during the storage, transportation and use of energetic materials and its system. This article is aimed at better handling the inherent contradiction between energy and safety of energetic materials. In this paper, based on the widely used high explosive on military, 1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazocane (HMX), HMX@1,3,5-triamino-2,4,6-trinitrobenzene (TATB) and HMX@ 3-nitro-1,4-trichlorobenzene triazole-5-ketone ammonium (NH4(NTO)) with core-shell structure had been prepared, and the surface modification of HMX was explored. Detailed research is as follows:(1) A spray drying method and device for the preparation of HMX@TATB core-shell structure was set up. The optimal process parameters, such as the particle size of core material, amount of solvent, etc was determined. In certain HMX particle size, products with different ratio of HMX:TATB were obtained. The products were coated in good condition and had ordered structure. Friction and impact sensitivity test results showed that when nano-TATB content is 8 wt.%, the core-shell composites show excellent sensitivity. Thermal properties of the products were also characterized,.In addition, the method was also successfully used in the preparation of core-shell structure containing other energetic materials.(2) HMX@NH4(NTO) core-shell structure composite was prepared by spray drying method and its structure was characterized. Besides, related influence factors were explored. NH4(NTO) crystallized and coated on the surface of the HMX, strawberry like product was obtained. This method is promising and scalable.(3) In order to enhance the interaction force between core and shell, to improve the coverage of ionic salts, HMX crystal was surface modified. The surface modification of the HMX crystal was made. HMX/SiO2 composite was prepared through the hydrolysis of tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) under alkaline condition, which provides a solid foundation for the further efficiently and stably coating of ionic salt on the surface of HMX.HMX@TATB and HMX@NH4(NTO) core-shell structure were prepared through a mild, continuous, scalebly and universal spray-drying method. Charged SiO2 was successfully modified on the surface of HMX crystal.