Ecosystem Quality Evaluation In Chognqing City Based On Multiple Source Data

From the economic development, the status of Chongqing bacame more and more important with actualized of develop-the-west strategy. Chonqing had prticular geological structure and complex climatic conditions as well. Three Gorges Reservoir area was not only an important economic zone, but also was the ecological defense for the Yangtze River Basin especially. It’s typical fragile area of ecology. The structure and function of regional ecosystem are greatly influenced by ecological problems, such as the regional particularity, rising population and over-consumption of resources.Therefore, it had realistic significant to evaluate the evolution of regional ecosystem quality scientifically and effectively, analysising the function mechanism to harmonize the relationship between population, resources and environment. Based on this, this study selected Chongqing as the research area. And it evaluated the characteristics of temporal spatial pattern and its evolution law of ecosystem quality from ecosystem productivity, ecosystem stability and ecosystem stress to construct ecosystem quality index system by analysising characteristics of ecosystem structure and function. It would provide scientific basis for the protection and control of ecological environment in Chongqing City. Here are main innovarion views for this study:(1)It constructed ecosystem productivity index(EHI) by the MOD13Q1 data product. The analysis reveals that productivity spatial pattern of Chongqing city had changed little. The forest ecosystem of productivity was highest. The second was farmland ecosystem. And the urban ecological system was the lowest. On the other hand,the regional altitude and slope were positively correlated with the level of productivity.From the county, the level of productivity of Chengkou was highest, and Yuzhong was the lowest. In 2000, there were 3 counties which EHI was higher than 90, 0 county in2005, and 7 counties in 2010. For the most part, the productivity level of Chongqing city had been first decreased and then increased, and general increase process.(2)The stability of ecosystem was mainly affected by two aspects of structure and function. The ecosystem stability index(ESI) was constructed by the strategy of weighted sum rules. Generally, the lowest level of stability region of Chongqing city was mainly located in the northeast region such as Wushan, Wuxi and Fengjie. The stability of forest ecosystem was the highest, and the followed was farmland ecosystem. The altitude and slope of the area under the surface of the area were positively correlated with the stability of ecosystem. From the county, the stability of ecosystem in Chengkou County, Wulong County, Shizhu County and Youyang County was the best. And the stability of ecosystem in the urban areas and other cities with higher levels of regional was the worst. Overall, the stability of ecosystem in Chongqing is in the process of steady improvement.(3)The disturbance of regional ecosystem is mainly derived from the natural and human factors. Based on this, we selected the corresponding influence factors to construct the ecosystem stress index(ESSI). Overall, the ESSI is inversely related to the external disturbance of the regional ecosystem. From different views, The ESSI values of forest ecosystem, grassland ecosystem and other ecosystem were higher, and the ESSI value of urban ecosystem was the lowest. The ESSI value of urban ecosystem continued to decline, the others was t experienced the process of descending first and then ascending. On the other hand, the stress index of regional ecosystem is proportional to the elevation and slope of the terrain. And the ESSI value of all the Elevation and slope grades showed decreased at first then increased. According to statistics, the county which the ESSI value higher than 90 was Wuxi amd Chengkou County in 2000. 0 county in 2005, and it added to 5 counties in 2010. The Chongqing city that got external disturbance showed first decreased and then increased.(4)At last, it colligated the ecosystem quality index(EI) by colligate EHI, ESI,and ESSI. From different views, The EI of forest ecosystem showed first decreased and then increased. The wetland, farmland, and other ecosystemshowed continuously increased. And the urban ecosystem showed continuously decreased. At the same time,the altitude and slope of the area under the surface of the area were positively correlated with the quality of ecosystem. In 2000 the quality of ecosystem of Chengkou was the highest, the followed was Wuxi county, Shizhu county was third. Overall, the quality of the ecosystem of Chongqing city in the study showed the first decreased and then increased, and it showed a slight rising tendency totality.