Analysis Of Safety Precautions Of Petrochemical Tank Farm And Research Of Their Effects On Quantitative Risk Assessment

Compared to petrochemical production equipment, safety management of tank farm often can not be paid enough attention. In recent years, tank accidents occurred frequently such as fire, explosion, poisoning and other incidents, which led to enormos property losses to the enterprise and endanger people’s lives and property safety. What’s more, the diffusion of toxic and harmful medium may pollute the environment and water, ca using serious atmospheric pollution, therefore, it is especially important to guarantee the normal operation and safety product. As a method of characterizing risk status of objects quantitatively, the results of quantitative risk analysis are always regarded as gist of decision- making and plant planning. As the basis of quantitative risk analysis, failure frequenc ies affect the accuracy of analysis results greatly. However, with the improvement of safety technology and safety management consciousness, safety level of the equipment design and manufacture and safety technical measures have been already improved greatly, the failure data collected during the 1970 s can not reflect the safety level of current equipments effectively because of the limitations and lacking of timeliness. In addition, how to take the effects of mitigation safety measures into consideration quantitatively is one of the important factors that affect the accuracy of analysis results.This thesis is aimed at putting forward a comprehensive modified approach consid ering the influence of safety measures to accident frequences and severities,in order t o present the real risk level of tank farm objectively and guide safety management an d operation. According to the analysis of tank accidents over the past 40 years from 1960 to 2003, choosing the common tank accident scenarios on the basis of c lassificat ion of tank accidents、dangerous and leak reasons. Then with assistance of layer of protection and Bow-tie model theories, the paper divided all the safety measures into tw o categories: preventive safety measures and mitigation safety measures. About prevent ive safety measures, this paper analyzed four databases detailed those used widely whi ch are O REDA-Offshore Reliability Data Handbook, Guidelines for C hemical Process Quantitative Risk Analysis-CCPS, Guidelines for Q uantitative Risk Assessment(the Pur ple Book), and UK HSE Failure Rate and Event Data for Use Within Land Use Plan ning Risk Assessments. Meanwhile, it also compared four kinds of failure frequence modified approaches and then pointed out all the limitations and merits and demerits, on the foundation of those above, the paper proposed a concept of risk influence fact ors(Rif).In this paper, the Rifs were divided into four main categories: Personal qualifi cations and competencies, Task characteristics, Technology system characteristics, Organ ization/operation mechanism. Modified frequencies were calculated by means of Rifs. About mitigation safety measures, the key point is to modify the number of effected population, from 5 aspects which are fire-proof and explosion-proof,isolation system, fi re protection, personnel to save themselves and emergency medical service. At the end of this thesis, the modified method was applied to one pressure tank farm, indicated that this method had a good reflection of technology improvement and safety management.