The Epidemiological Investigation On Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease In Ningxia

Objective To investigate the prevalence of chronic obstructive pulmonarydisease(COPD) in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region,to establish the actual state of diagnosisand treatment and to explore the possible related risk factor in order to provide a basis of theprevention and treatment for COPD.Methods Using the same protocol of the Burden of Obstructive Lung Disease(BOLD)study with multi-stage stratified whole sampling method to select subject aged≥40-year-oldwas preformed in Ningxia.（1）All subjects filled out a unified epidemiological surveyquestionnaire.(2) All of the respondents received examination for lung function,the diagnosisof the case with COPD was based on the standard made by the COPD group of ChineseMedical Association(2007version),lung function index(FEV1/FVC <70%) are regarded ascriteria of diagnosis of COPD after inhaled bronchodiators.The diagnosis of COPD was madeby the gold standard,combining with a history of respiratory tract disease.(3)Thoserespondents showed FEV1/FVC <70%were further examined by ECG,x-ray inspection fordifferential diagnosis.Results （1）A total of4626subjects were investigated but there were4055subjectswith full data and good quality spirometry test,including1869male and2186remale,averageage is55.5±12.1years old,COPD cases were360, the overall prevalence of COPD in Ningxiawas8.87%.（2）The prevalence of COPD in the males was13.01%,and5.35%in thefemales.The prevalence of COPD in the males was significantly higher than that in thefemales（x~2=72.87，P=0.000）.（3）The prevalence of COPD in Han nation was9.66%,and7.58%in Hui nation.The prevalence of COPD in Han nation was significantly higher than that in Hui nation（x~2=10.51;P=0.001）.（4）Grouping by every10years old;the different of theprevalence of COPD among40~49years old;50~59years old;60~69years old and70yearsold were4.08%;9.13%;11.86%and13.59%. the prevalence of COPD increased with ageincreasing;and the differences were significance（x~2=68.37;P<0.05）.（5）The prevalence ofCOPD in the rural was9.78%;and7.97%in the urban;there is the difference between therural and urban in the prevalence of COPD（x~2=4.10;P<0.05）（.6）The prevalence of COPDin the smokers were15.42%;and6.23%in the non-smokers;and the differences weresignificance （x~2=94.65;P=0.000）. Grouping by every10smoking index;the prevalence ofCOPD increased with smoking index increasing;and the difference was significance（x~2=4.34;P<0.05）.（7）COPD diagnosis rate was23.61%to more than40years old inNingxia;the urban(27.95%) was higher than the rural(20.10%);COPD treatment rate was23.33%;the proportion of lung function I~IV grade different was25.28%;64.17%;10.28%;2.78%.(8）Multivariate Logistic regression analysis was preformed to find that themain risk factor affecting the state of COPD in Ningxia were male;higherage;smoking;respiratory disease of children;respiratory disease family history;lower bodymass index;occupational dust exposure more than one year.Conclusion The overall prevalence of COPD in Ningxia was8.87%;the prevalence in maleswas higher than that in females;Han nation was higher than Hui nation;rural was higher thanurban;smokers were higher than non-smokers;the prevalence of COPD increased with ageincreasing.The actual state of diagnosis and treatment is far from satisfactory.The risk factorof COPD in Ningxia have male;higher age;respiratorydisease family history;lower body mass index;occupational dust exposure more than one year.