| This research mainly focus on breeding long rhizome ginseng from a genetic perspectiveand long rhizome American ginseng which is cultivate in special way. Evaluating them fromappearance discrimination, thin-layer chromatography, assessing measurement of ginsengsaponin content from long rhizome ginseng and long rhizome American ginseng, ginsengpolysaccharide, the results show that:1By using SPSS statistic analysis software: the results of measuring the form ofaboveground part indicate that there’s conspicuousness(P<0.05)among the difference of longrhizome ginseng and common American ginseng’s plant height, spear thickness, length of leafand common petiole, also the length of intermediate petiole and carpopodium; The distinctionbetween long rhizome American ginseng and common American ginseng’s stem height,widthof leaf is not obvious(P>0.05);The difference between long rhizome ginseng and commonginseng’s plant height, spear thickness, length of leaf, width of leaf, the length of intermediatepetiole and carpopodium is significant(P<0.05),the distinction between long rhizome ginsengand common ginseng’s stem height, length of common petiole is not outstanding.(P>0.05)Theresults of measuring the form of underground part indicate that there’s remarkablevariance(P<0.05) between long rhizome American ginseng and common American ginseng’staproot’s height and thickness of root, the distinction between long rhizome ginseng andcommon ginseng’s main root’s length and root thickness is notable(P<0.05);There’s a significantdistinction(P<0.01) between long rhizome American ginseng and common American ginseng’ssimple root’s weight and length, the number of lateral root, stem width of big head and thelength of top of rhizome, also there’s significant distinction(P<0.01) between long rhizomeginseng and common ginseng’s simple root’s weight and length, the number of lateral root, stemwidth of big head and the length of top of rhizome.2All the common ginseng and common American ginseng’s equivalent flecks can bedetected from long rhizome ginseng and long rhizome American ginseng, but spots are bigger,the color is darker. American ginseng doesn’t include ginsenoside Rf basically, ginseng doesinclude ginsenoside Rf, so American ginseng and ginseng can be effectively differentiated byusing the thin layer chromatography. Spray10%of sulfuric acid ethanol solution, observe undersunlight and ultraviolet light365nm after heating, it can be seen through the thin layer that theflecks of American ginseng Rb1and Re are bigger and darker than ginseng’s. 3.By means of measuring and comparing the content of common ginseng, Americanginseng and long rhizome ginseng, American ginseng’s total saponins and ginsenosidemonomers Re, Rg1,Rb1to illustrate the main content’s quality characteristics of long rhizomeginseng and American ginseng. Adopting colorimetric method to measure the content of totalginsenoside ginseng root, the linear range of colorimetric method is15.0-75.0μg,correlationindex r=0.9929;Average recovery rate is100.09%, RSD is0.86%(n=6).The content of totalginsenoside ginseng root increase along with ginseng age, the content of total ginsenosideginseng root of long rhizome ginseng and long rhizome American ginseng is more than commonginseng’s; High Performance Liquid Chromatography should be established in order to measurethe content of ginsenoside Re, Rg1and Rb1. The results show there’s positive correlationbetween ginsenoside monomers Re, Rg1, Rb1and ginseng age. The content of ginsenosidemonomers from long rhizome ginseng and long rhizome American ginseng is higher thancommon ginseng and American ginseng’s.4This article has measured the total sugar, reducing sugar, water-soluble sugars of longrhizome ginseng and long rhizome American ginseng, also compared the origin species ofginseng which grow4years and American ginseng, the results show the total sugar content oflong rhizome ginseng which grow5years is29.7%, the content of reducing sugar is19.9%, thecontent of water-soluble sugars is6.12%, total sugar content of long rhizome ginseng whichgrow6years is33.2%, the content of reducing sugar is21.3%, the content of water-solublesugars is6.65%, the total sugar content of long rhizome ginseng which grow7years is38.5%,the content of reducing sugar is24.6%, the content of water-soluble sugars is6.89%, the totalsugar content of long rhizome American ginseng which grow5years is28.8%, the content ofreducing sugar is17.0%, the content of water-soluble sugars is6.54%,the total sugar content oflong rhizome American ginseng which grow6years is34.3%, the content of reducing sugar is19.2%, the content of water-soluble sugars is6.79%, the total sugar content of long rhizomeAmerican ginseng which grow7years is37.7%, the content of reducing sugar is22.8%, thecontent of water-soluble sugars is7.23%, the content of sugar in long rhizome ginseng andAmerican ginseng presents a positive correlation with growth ages. And all content is higherthan original species of ginseng and American ginseng. In contrast to American ginseng, thepolysaccharose content of ginseng is relatively higher.5The content of long rhizome cultivated by farmland soil is5.829, RSD(%)is0.46; Thecontent of long rhizome cultivated by humus soil is5.841, RSD(%)is0.16;The content of longrhizome American ginseng’s total ginsenoside ginseng root cultivated by farmland soil is5.978, RSD(%)is0.17; The content of long rhizome ginseng’s total ginsenoside ginseng root cultivatedby humus soil is5.989, RSD(%)is0.21; The content of long rhizome American ginseng’s totalsugar cultivated by farmland soil is24.6; The content of long rhizome ginseng’s total sugarcultivated by humus soil is29.5; The content of long rhizome American ginseng’s total sugarcultivated by farmland soil is27.8; The content of long rhizome ginseng’s total sugar cultivatedby humus soil is28.7. Now looking at content of the ginseng’s total ginsenoside ginseng rootand ginseng total sugar content as indicator, the quality of ginseng cultivated by humus soil isbetter than ginseng which is cultivated by farmland soil, this explains soil chemicophysicalproperties, soil biological activity and some soil factors like that have an impact on the growthand development of ginseng and yield and quality. Good soil structure plays a vital role ongrowth of ginseng and improving the shape of ginseng.6The total saponins and polysaccharide of ginseng and American ginseng have certainability to remove for DPPH, and both had concentration-response relationship withconcentration.Saponin constituents in the concentration of6mg/ml, high clearance rate can beabove90%. Polysaccharide in the concentration of4mg/ml, high clearance rate can reach above80%. The total saponins clearance of ginseng and American ginseng long rhizome strain isslightly difference between ordinary varieties. The ability of clearing DPPH ineachconcentration of positive medicine BHT is higher than the ability of total saponins andginseng polysaccharide. When concentration of6mg/ml, total saponins and polysaccharide ofclearance and positive medicine is close. When the lack of free radicals inside the body, cancause the body disease. That is, people started to extensive development and study ofantioxidants. Due to the saponin is a natural antioxidant, it has the value of in-depth researchand development. |
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