| ObjectiveIn recent years, with the globalization of economy and the progress of science and technology, the survival of the human environment and activities are undergoing profound changes, but also exerted a tremendous influence on the occurrence and prevalence of infectious diseases, mainly as follows:on the one hand, some have been well controlled infectious diseases such as tuberculosis, a stirring among the dry bones constitute a threat to humans. On the other hand, new pathogens and emerging infectious diseases (emerging infectious disease, EID) appear constantly, and some have caused great harm to human beings, such as the2003outbreak in Chinese and some other countries of the severe acute respiratory syndrome (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome, S ARS) and the recent discovery of people infection of highly pathogenic avian influenza.Infectious diseases in China with high number of various infectious disease epidemic, repeatedly, is also facing new infectious disease threats, SARS, avian influenza, H1N1influenza, Hand-foot-and-mouth disease have appeared, the number of tuberculosis, venereal disease is on the rise, the situation is not optimistic in disease prevention and control.Hexi District as a city, Tianjin economic strong area and strong culture, open degree is higher, and the national and the world communication more closely, the prevention and control of infectious diseases related to more severe.This study collected by Hexi District Center for Disease Control and prevention in2004-2013reports of notifiable infectious disease patients, descriptive analysis and trend of distribution of Tianjin city, Hexi District10years of legal infectious diseases, in order to better prevention and control of infectious diseases, to provide basis for prevention strategies and measures for the government to formulate effective infectious disease.MethodThrough the national direct network reporting system for infectious diseases will be from2004to2013in Hexi District, Tianjin notifiable infectious disease report data download, and the use of Excel2003data management software and SPSS13.0statistical analysis of data, calculation of the incidence rate, mortality rate, mortality rate, fixed base, chain, and rate, constituent ratio of chi square test, compared to the card party trend test. Using methods of descriptive epidemiology, carried out in different seasons, different places, different groups of people, such as the three characteristics and trends analysis of the distribution of infectious diseases.Result1.During2004-2013in Hexi District infectious disease incidence rate fluctuates greatly, the incidence of infectious diseases showed a substantial growth gradually declining trend,10years the incidence decreased by48.59%. The total number of cases and the incidence rate showed a downward trend in overall (x2=6697.71, P<0.001),10cases of infection of37.79%year-on-year decline in the number of. Two the number of cases is mainly in2005and2006the peak, the number of reported cases of infectious diseases were8738cases and11774cases, incidence rates were1121.26/10and1519.62/10million. The lowest incidence rate for the year2013, the incidence rate was448.46/10million.10years of other infectious diarrhea and dysentery as the number of reported cases of the disease has been ranked in the total number of the report before two, pulmonary tuberculosis has been ranked in the top five the number of reported cases. Hepatitis B, gonorrhea and syphilis cases report number in the total number of reported cases of constituent ratio have been very before leaning.Each year the incidence of male was significantly higher than that in female, the age of onset in20to50years of age reached its peak, the total incidence ratio of56.44%. The number of reported cases of the top three most popular occupations are retirees, students and civil servants and staff of three people, accounted for43.71%. The number of reported cases constitute more than three street is highest for Jianshan, Zhuhai, Liulin, which accounted for30.4%.From2004to2013, the total number of reported cases of infectious diseases and the incidence varies with season obviously. The first and fourth quarter of infectious disease incidence rate is low. Summer infectious disease with high incidence, the incidence in July was the highest,146.86/10million.2.2004to2013were reported in16670cases of bacterial dysentery.10years, the number of reported cases of changes in the overall downward trend, the average annual number of cases reported in20051667cases report; the highest number,2368cases;2013report the lowest,981cases.10years of bacillary dysentery incidence rate decreased obviously (trend test x2=1190.46, P<0.001). The highest incidence rate was303.86/10million in2005. In2013, the lowest incidence rate was106.89/10 million.3. Hand-foot-and-mouth disease reported in2008242cases, the lowest number since2008, the number of cases increased year by year, to2010, the number of reported cases of the highest, for891cases, then decreased year by year, the average annual number of cases reported in580cases.6years of hand foot and mouth disease incidence varies parabolically (trend test x2=78.61, P<.001) in2008, the lowest incidence rate of30.91/10million, in2010the highest incidence of102.34/10million, the incidence rate subsequently dropped year by year, to58.84%n2013.4.2004-2013reported a total of3401cases of TB cases.10years, the number of reported cases of overall change in a steady trend, the average annual number of cases reported340cases reported in2007, the highest number,416cases reported in2004, the lowest number, and266cases.10years of tuberculosis incidence is relatively declining trend (x2=22.85, P<0001), the minimum in2013, the incidence rate of32.14/10million.5.2004to2013a total of2583cases of syphilis were reported.10years, the number of reported cases of variation curve of the overall upward trend, the average annual number of cases reported258cases reported in2009, the highest number of cases reported in2004,377; the lowest,100cases. The incidence rate of syphilis in parabolic trend10years (x2=.48, P<0001) in2004, the lowest incidence rate,13.19/10million; in2009reached a peak,47.64/10million.6.2004to2013a total of2158cases of hepatitis B were reported. In10years the number of reported cases of curve B change the overall downward trend, the average annual number of cases reported216cases reported in2007, the highest number of cases reported in2013,378; the lowest,109cases. The incidence of hepatitis B was significantly decreased in10years (with statistical significance x2trends of=479.57, P<0001,), from2007the incidence rate of47.99/10million, the highest, lowest in2013,11.88/10million.7.2004to2013were reported in46cases of hemorrhagic fever.10years, the number of reported cases of curve showed an overall downward trend, the average annual number of cases reported4cases reported in2004, the highest number,22,2007,2008and2012for0cases report. The incidence of hemorrhagic fever with a sharp downward trend for10years (statistically significant x2rends of=63.31, P<0001,), from2004the incidence rate of2.90/10million, the highest, and then decreased substantially the incidence. Conclusion1.2004to2013in Hexi District City, Tianjin statutory report the incidence of infectious diseases showed an overall downward trend.10years of infectious disease mortality fluctuating trend, and greater volatility. Death is pulmonary tuberculosis and aids.The number of the report of infectious disease constituent ratio has been in the first place, and a high sustained trend, has accounted for over70%f the total number of infectious diseases. Respiratory tract infectious disease report number was in fluctuating upward trend, the number of reported natural foci and insect borne infectious disease and blood and sexually transmitted disease showed a downward trend in volatility.2. Hexi District the incidence age20-50years old young adults, the incidence of male was higher than female; constituent ratio was the highest in Jianshan, Zhuhai, such as the number of reported cases of Willow Street; the number of reported cases of the top three most popular occupation are retirees, students and civil servants and staff. Tip the population and area is the focus groups and key areas in Hexi District infectious disease prevention and control work.3. Suggestions for future national government support, multi sector cooperation, vigorously carry out health education, change the bad habits of residents, and improve the ability of disease prevention. To improve the medical staffs knowledge through a variety of ways, in order to facilitate the timely discovery, infectious disease diagnosis, treatment and epidemic of the early control specification. According to the prevalence of the disease, adjust the immune strategies to promote all types of focus groups immunized. |
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