The Teenager Athletes’ Dietary Nutrition K-A-P Investigation And Study Of Dalian

The study is about Nutritional Knowledge-Attitude-Behaviors Survey based on a randomsample of266adolescent athletes in Dalian, using the methods of literature, expert interviews,questionnaires and mathematical statistics and other research methods. The first-handinformation materials will be further analyzed to understand the nutritional status of dietaryathletes and to investigate the effect of dietary nutrients on young athletes, so as to start thetargeted dietary education of young athletes in Dalian with the founding, meanwhile toprovide support to the contestants and their daily training of Dalian team for the upcoming2014Liaoning Province Sports Meeting in Dalian, thus to contribute to the fast developmentof Dalian young athletes’ training level.Findings:(1)Personal circumstances：There are266athletes taking part in the questionnaires,156male and110female. Age: Theeldest is20, the youngest is10, and the average is15±1.93. Among which are21sportsmasters and national level athletes,93athletes of the2nd and3rd level of national standardand152athletes without level. Education background:60of them are above TechnicalSecondary School,125are in Technical Secondary School and81below. BMI: BMI＜18.5(58people),18.5≤BMI＜24(164people),24≤BMI＜28(34people), BMI≥28(10people).Training age: the longest is7years, the shortest is less than a year, and the average is1.63±1.38years.55.3%of them are satisfied with their somato-types.(2)Nutritional Knowledge：Only39athletes have ever heard of or read Chinese dietary guideline or Athletes dietaryguideline, taking about14.7%；most of them get the Nutritional Knowledge from theircoaches. The average scores of the Nutritional Knowledge items is6.82±2.94. The scores ofthe questionnaires from different gender, age, training age, items and sports level make nosense of statistics(P>0.05). The athletes of different education background are divided into3groups, compared with the other two groups, the scores got by the one from schools belowTechnical Secondary School have obvious difference（P＜0.05）. To divide the sports levelsinto3group（sGroup1：sports masters and national level athletes. Group2：athletes of the2ndand3rd level of national standard，Group3：athletes without level），the scores of group2and3have obvious difference（P＜0.05）. (3) Nutritional attitude:76.7%of the investigated athletes admitted that mastering reasonable nutritional knowledgewould be helpful to their training; A lack of nutritional knowledge, having a delicate palateand unpalatable food are several factors that athlete’s nutrition is not reasonable, the largestproportion of which is the lack of nutritional knowledge.More than70%of the athletes expressed a willingness to accept nutritional knowledgeeducation in sports teams; On the issue of eating habits,30.1%of the athletes indicated thatthey will notice.47.7%said that they would occasionally pay attention to it.18%of theathletes indicated that only when in illness and discomfort will they care for it, and a fewpeople never pay attention to it.Among the most popular ways of learning,45.5%choose particular person to study and29.3%prefer to use the Internet. Nearly half of the athletes said, if they have relatedknowledge of nutrition,83.8%of the athletes were willing to discipline themselves in order toform good dietary habits; Of the comments on the diets in their teams, most believed thatmore fruit and varieties of fruit should be supplied. Besides, the amount and type of fish andother seafood should be appropriately increased.(4)Dietary behavior：Athletes have regular diets, and the attendance rate of breakfast is higher; But the athletes’diet structure is not reasonable enough as they eat the most meat but the least fruit; More than30%of the athletes said they seldom eat animal liver; Only38people (14.3%) eat more than20minutes, while most people rush to have dinner, who know little about sports nutritionsupplement.Conclusion:There’s a lack of basic knowledge of the dietary nutrition. The scores to the questionnaire ofathletes with education of technical secondary schools and above vary differently from thosewith education of technical secondary schools and the following among multiple controlgroups. The scores of State two and three athletes have significant differences with those ofnon-grade athletes.Athletes have irrational diet structure, nutrition disequilibrium with more meat and less fruitand a poor consciousness of replenishment of water. Athletes have a positive attitude towardsnutrition, who are willing to develop good dietary habits. Particular person can be arranged toteach nutritional knowledge. And Internet is another way that athletes prefer to learn.Athletes take less fruits and dairy product, which restrict the intake of vitamin and calcium.The intake of animal liver should be controlled. Meal time is generally shorter. Thus, athletesshould maintain reasonable meal time, which is conducive to digestive absorption. The lastone is that athletes lack the awareness of sports nutrition. Suggestions:(1) Set up relevant classes and enhance publicity of nutritional knowledge.(2) Strengthen supervision and warning to daily dietary behaviors of athletes.(3) Provide nutritionists.