Study On Impartiality And Efficiency Of Health Resource Allocation Of Departments Of Pediatrics Of Medical Institutions In Shanxi Province

Research objectives:Based on China’s concept of impartiality in health resource allocation at current stage, this study analyzes impartiality of pediatric resource allocation in Shanxi Province and major problems and causes of such results by understanding current situation of health resource allocation of Departments of Pediatrics of secondary and above medical institutions in Shanxi Province, further improves pediatric health resource management mechanism, provides reference for pediatric construction in order to meet different levels of needs, provides scientific theories and factual basis for improving impartiality of health resource allocation during a new round of deepening medical-sanitary system reform in economic transition, and thus promotes realization of children’s health rights and improvement of health level in Shanxi Province.Research content:This study uses questionnaire survey method to generally investigate manpower, material resources and financial resources etc of Departments of Pediatrics of secondary and above medical institutions in this province (involving a total of297hospitals), analyzes and obtains factors that affect impartiality and efficiency of pediatric health resource allocation. Based on the above analysis and research, this paper summarizes measures and paths to realize impartiality and accessibility of health resource allocation from perspectives of the concept of medical reform impartiality, health resource allocation method, health system and system construction etc, and explores realistic and feasible countermeasures and ideas to improve impartiality and accessibility of pediatric health resource allocation in Shanxi Province. Research methods:Questionnaires are formulated by Institute of Medical Institutions, Health and Family Planning Commission of Shanxi Province, and are distributed to medical institutions, and filled by directors of Departments of Pediatrics with assistance of medical records, medical insurance, equipment and logistics etc. Collected data is used to build a database by Microsoft Excel2010, and is under logic proofreading after completion of input. This paper analyzes the overall situation descriptively, denotes health resource allocation as ratio, and uses Lorenz Curve and Gini Coefficient etc for analysis of health resource impartiality; uses Theil Index for calculation for the sake of comparison among levels; and uses data envelopment analysis for efficiency analysis.Research results:Through research, tips of Lorenz Curves distributed according to population and geography of pediatric health resource allocation in Shanxi Province can be obtained that:in terms of health institutions with departments of pediatrics and medical equipment investment amount, the Lorenz Curve is relatively close to partiality line, and thus is relatively impartial; while Lorenz Curves of pediatric beds and existing pediatric health medical staffs are of a great degree of bending, indicating a great degree of uneven distribution. For distribution of health institutions with departments of pediatrics and equipment investment amount according to population and geography, the Gini Coefficients are between0.1and0.2, and thus are absolutely impartial, while Gini Coefficients of number of beds and medical staffs exceed0.6which is a highly partial and dangerous state.From Theil Indexes obtained from distribution according to population and geography, these Theil indexes are greater than0.5and are thus highly partial. In particular, Theil indexes obtained from medical staffs and equipment configuration are greater than0.8, and are thus absolutely partial, that is to say, although it can be obtained from Gini Coefficients that the number of health institutions and equipment costs are relatively impartial in distribution according to population and geography, if relative surplus of health resources in economically developed regions and relative lack of health resource allocation in backward regions coexist according to regional comparison, there is a big difference among regions in this province in terms of pediatric health resources.Results of study on the efficiency of pediatric medical health resource allocation show that:through evaluation, DEA relative efficiency values of Taiyuan, Datong, Changzhi, Jincheng, Linfen and Luliang are1.00, and thus these regions have constant returns to scale; while efficiency values of Jinzhong, Yangquan, Shuozhou, Xinzhou and Yuncheng are less than1.00, and thus these regions have increasing returns to scale. At present, there isn’t a region with decreasing returns to scale in Shanxi Province. Thus, it can be basically regarded that some regions of Shanxi Province have fine overall efficiency in medical health resource allocation, and a certain percentage of output and good economic benefits can be obtained by appropriately increasing investment in manpower, material resources and financial resources.Research conclusions:1) Pediatric health resource allocation is uneven, and some cities have backward and even no pediatric infrastructure.2) Capabilities of secondary and above medical institutions in Shanxi Province to provide pediatric services vary greatly.3) The total number of pediatric medical staffs is inadequate and staff allocation has low geographical impartiality.4) Human resources professional constitution ratio is irrational, doctor-to-nurse ratio is seriously imbalanced, and both do not meet national standards; lack talents with high titles and high education degrees extremely, and the constitution of staffs, titles and education degrees is unreasonable.5) Efforts in carrying out training are not enough.6) Medical equipment allocation has low geographical impartiality, infrastructure configuration is incomplete, and high-level equipment allocation is partial, all of which are particularly prominent.Countermeasures and suggestions:1) Continue to implement medical health system reform, and insist that children enjoy equal basic health rights.2) Strengthen regional health planning, allocate pediatric health resources rationally and conduct overall development.3) Perfect grass-roots health service system, strengthen internal management, improve professional level of existing medical staffs, enhance technical pediatric health service capability, and perfect human resource construction, ensure smooth talent flow channels, and adjust rationally human resource structure of pediatric medical staffs in Shanxi Province.4) Build a sound health financial system, and promote rational financing mechanism of the government, society and individuals etc.5) Formulate health laws and regulations that guide the development of medical health field, standardize health service management, and make health development enter a legal process.6) Strengthen government functions, regulation of health service process and examination and evaluation of health service performance, and thus improve health service quality, efficiency and accessibility of health service impartiality.