The Cord Blood Inflammatory Factor Concentrations And Their Association In Mothers With Gestational Diabetes Mellitus

Background Offspring of mothers with gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM) have higher risk of metabolic syndrome (MetS). High sensitivityC-reactive protein (hs-CRP) and interleukin6(IL-6) are commoninflammatory factors. High circulating hs-CRP and IL-6are highlyassociated with the development of metabolic disease. But there is limitedstudy about the cord blood hs-CRP and IL-6concentrations and theirassociation with the newborns’ nutritional status and insulin sensitivity inmothers with GDM.Objective To investigate the cord blood hs-CRP and IL-6concentrations and their association with the newborns’ nutritional statusand insulin sensitivity in mothers with GDM.Methods26women with GDM and28women with normal glucosetolerance (NGT) were evaluated at elective cesarean delivery in the SecondAffiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University from2009to2011.Cord blood was obtained for measurement of hs-CRP, IL-6, glucose andinsulin. Ponderal index (PI) was used to estimate nutrition of the newborns. Homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) wascalculated to estimate the newborns’insulin sensitivity.Results HOMA-IR, insulin concentration and PI in the GDM groupwere significantly higher compared to the NGT group; There were nosignificant differences in cord blood hs-CRP and IL-6concentrationsbetween the GDM and NGT group. HOMA-IR and cord blood insulinconcentration were positively associated with both weight and PI of thenewborns. In the NGT group, Cord blood IL-6concentration negativelyassociated with the newborns’ birth weight, and positively associated withhs-CRP concentration. However, after adjustment for the maternal age,pre-gestational body mass index (BMI), gestational weeks and theoffspring’s gender, there were no associations. There were no relationshipsbetween cord blood hs-CRP and IL-6concentrations and the newborns’nutritional status and insulin sensitivity in the GDM group.Conclusions (1) Offspring of mothers with GDM has higher cordblood insulin concentration and lower insulin sensitivity at birth comparedto offspring of mothers with NGT.(2) Cord blood insulin concentration andthe newborns’ insulin sensitivity are associated with their nutritional status.(3) There were no significant relationships between cord blood hs-CRP,IL-6concentrations and the newborns’ nutritional status and insulinsensitivity.