The Model Study Of Mental Quality Training Of The Directly Enlisted Sergeancy Of The Second Artillery During The Recruit Training

The directly enlisted sergeancy(DES) from the ordinary universities is an important part of the armed forces strategized by the Central Military Commission headquarters, and an effective way to take advantage of national education resources to train non-commissioned officers. DES is an important measure to improve the comprehensive quality of non-commissioned officers from the source and to accelerate the pace of training qualified personnel. The Second Artillery Force, as the core strength of our strategic deterrence, bears both conventional and nuclear missile deterrent task and long-range precision strike task. Given the special missions and duties of the Second Artillery, the mental health status of DES has an important impact on the overall strength of the Second Artillery. Therefore, understanding the psychological characteristic of the DES and exploring the proper mental quality training pattern for the Second Artillery would be effective in shortening the adaptation period and improving the mental quality of the DES, which are important tasks and research subjects of military psychology service.My major works are as follows:The first part is a research and investigation of mental health status of the DES of the Second Artillery. With questionnaire, psychological assessment, thread survey, psychological interview and other measures, the psychological status of 2761 DES who joined the army from 2008 to 2012 was investigated. The results showed that more than 70% of the DES were mentally healthy, which was better than that of the army common model. But 10% of the DES showed mental problems of various levels during the boot camp period. Six DES diagnosed with personality disorder, hysteria, bipolar disorder or other mental illnesses were sent back home. The factors influencing the mental health of the DES during the recruit training were as follows: bad adaptive capacity to environment, strong personality, terrible interpersonal ability, weak emotional management ability, less effective social support and so on. In a research on the psychological needs of 1905 DES, the results showed that of all the DES surveyed, 93% had the aspiration to study psychology-related knowledge; 55% had the wish to participate in mental health lectures; 91% thought that it was necessary to carry out psychological counseling to ease the psychological pressure and mental confusion; 84% believed that the psychological behavior training was important; 60% needed help in the aspects of love and belonging, respect and realization of self-worth. There are five reasons: Firstly, the DES experienced certain physiological and psychological pressure in the process of role change from students to soldiers; Secondly, the DES could not adapt to the strict management and intense military training; Thirdly, the social support system including the help and encouragement from family members, friends and leadership was insufficient for the DES; In addition, the DES had psychological problems of various degrees due to lack of psychological self-regulation ability; Finally, the backbone of new units failed to carry out mental health service. Therefore, the DES with slight psychological and physical problems did not effectively and timely receive psychological counseling, which led to increased psychological problems. Negative psychological mood including tension, anxiety, irritability and loneliness cannot be regulated.The second part is a specific mental quality training pattern for the DES. Based on the investigation of mental health, mental requirement,and the factors involving mental health of the DES, proper mental quality training pattern for the DES was established, which was termed as ?Knowing, Doing, Guiding and Rethinking?. Knowing means spreading the knowledge of mental health; Doing means group or individual psychology behavior training; Guiding means psychological counseling or guiding; rethinking means rethinking about the previous three parts and improving mental quality. ?Knowing, Doing, Guiding and Rethinking? is a whole structure of continuous interaction, in which psychological knowledge is the basic condition, psychological behavior training is the basic method, and rethinking is the key factor to achieve the goal of mental quality training.The third part is to validate the new mental quality training pattern for the DES. 690 DES recruited in 2013 were trained in accordance with the ?Knowing, Doing, Guiding and Rethinking? model, which included 10 hours of lectures on mental health, 28 psychological and behavioral training sessions and 15 days of psychological counseling and counseling. In addition, we investigated the effect of mental quality training pattern for the DES in preliminary training, medium-term training and later training during the boot camp period.There are four results: Firstly, at the end of the boot camp period, the DES underwent good physical and psychological exercise and their mental health level increased significantly. Secondly, 84.1% of the DES learned how to deal with life, training and comradeship with a tolerant attitude while 70.4% of the DES mastered the skills of the interpersonal communication through psychological quality trainings. Thirdly, comparing the physical examination scores at the end of the military training in 2013 with those of 2011, 2012 and 2013, we found that the pass rate and the excellent rate of all the projects in 2013 were better than those in 2011 and 2012, except the chin-up whose pass rate was equal to that in 2012. Finally, the occurrence rate of training injuries was reduced from 3.0% at the early and mid period of the training to 1.3% at the end.Analyzing the above results, we draw the following conclusions: Firstly, the scientific arrangement of the training courses and the proper balance between work and rest helped to stimulate the body’s potential to achieve better military training. Secondly, synchronization of mental quality training with military training can ease the psychological pressure caused by high intensity military training, which plays a great role in improving the military training effect of the DES. Thirdly, after the psychological quality trainings, the DES tended to have more powerful and stronger hearts and have the abilities to bear the high intensity trainings and achieve ideal targets. The significant improvement of military examinations scores in DES may not be entirely the consequence of psychological quality training, but the psychological quality training did play a certain role.Based on the comprehensive analysis of literature, through six consecutive years(from 2008 to 2013) of site survey and experimental research on the DES during the Boot camp period, we basically grasped their psychological characteristics, mental status and the factors affecting their mental health. Combined with the arrangements of the Boot camp period for the DES, we proposed a specific mental quality training pattern for the DES known as Knowing, Doing, Guiding and Rethinking.This training pattern was validated in the 2013 Boot camp period, indicating that this training pattern can significantly shorten the psychological adaptation of the DES, increase their ability to handle setbacks, increase their communication skills, build team spirit, reduce the effect of somatization, effectively promote the level of military training and play a positive role in promoting the mental quality training pattern and the mental health status of the DES during the Boot camp period.