Hepatoprotective Effects Of The Polysaccharide From Ganoderma Lucidum On Amanitin-induced Liver Injury In Mice

Many cases of mushroom poisoning related deaths occurs every year in our country,among these cases, 81% are caused by some Amanita species. α- Amanitin(α-AMA) is the highest levels of lethal toxins in the Amanita species. Ganoderma lucidum is a kind of precious medicinal fungi, triterpenoid(GLTT)and polysaccharides(GLPS) are two main active ingredients in G. lucidum, previous studies have shown that GLTT had significant therapeutic effect. In this paper, the isolation of polysaccharides from G. lucidum and its hepatoprotective effects on α-AMA induced liver injury in mice were studied, the results were as following:1. The extraction, separation and purification of Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide : 95% ethanol was used to degrease for 6 h, then the fruiting body powder was extracted with water(v:v=1:15), 90 ℃ water bath for 2 h, repeat 3 times, then collected and concentrated the coarse extraction liquid,and 95% ethanol was used to precipitate it. Through these methods, the extraction rate was 0.86%. using sevag method to eliminate free protein, the weight of the coarse extraction was 34.04 g. The extracts were continued to be purified by DEAE- 52 cellulose column and Sephadex G-100 gel column to obtain GLP1 and GLP2.2. The hepatoprotection of the two GLPS fractions and several other drugs for hepatic injury induced by α-AMA were analyzed. The results show that compared with control mice, α-AMA induced serious hepatocellular injuries, with obvious rising in serum ALT and AST activities and the MDA content in hepatic tissues, but the activities of SOD and CAT in these mice tissues decreased significantly. Except NAC,administration of GLP1, GLP2, GLE,GLTT, silibinin to α-AMA treated mice obviously decreased serum ALT and AST levels, significantly increased SOD, CAT enzyme activity in hepatic tissues, and significantly reduced the content of MDA compared with mice treated with α-AMA alone, indicating that GLP1 and GLP2 had the same hepatoprotective effects as GLTT and SIL.3. The hepatoprotection of different doses GLP1 for hepatic injury induced by α-AMA were analyzed. The hepatoprotection effect with GLP1 for hepatic injury induced by α-AMA was dose-related in a certain range. The greater the dose was given(50 mg/kg/day to 200 mg/kg/day), the closer the indexes in the serum and the liver tissue were to the normal group, and the better the therapeutic effect was. When the dose reached to 200 mg/kg/day and 300 mg/kg/day, the difference was extremely significant, and the treatment effect was the best.4. The effect of GLPS on the morality of poisoning mice within the condition of lethal dose was statisticed. The normal control group, α-AMA poisoning group, GLP1 group, GLP2 group, GLE group, GLTT group, silibinin and NAC group were setted. The morality rate of each group was 0%、 85%、70%、35%、50%、45%、65% and 55% respectively, indicating that GLPS could well reduce the mortality of α-AMA poisoning mice, which was similar to GLTT and silibinin.The above experimental results show that GLPS has the hepatoprotection effect on hepatic injury induced by α-AMA, antioxidant property of GLPS is one of the mechanisms of this therapeutic effect.