| Amblyopia is a development disorders, occurs in the sensitive period and critical period of visual development, which serious impact on the child’s visual development. It’s formation mechanism is very complex. Currently, It’s no uniform standard to clinical assess the diagnosis and treatments of amblyopia,assessments primarily rely on vision and visual acuity, most physicians even still rely on their own experience. With the continuous development of the level of medical knowledge, expert consensus has removed the limit of non-organic disease in 2011, however, for amblyopia’s lesions is still controversial. In recent years, with the optical coherence tomography(optical coherence tomography, OCT) is widely used in studies of amblyopia, it forced us to have a more profound understanding and found differences in structure of the retina between the eye amblyopia and the normal, but specific differences needs further study.Dual channel visual Quality Analysis System(Optical Quality Analysis System, OQAS) can comprehensively and objectively reflect the actual image quality.There are advantages of stability, repeatability, less interference and so on. The advent of the technology, realized visual quality of quantification, and further improved our evaluation of vision. In this study, applying OCT and OQAS to monocular amblyopia, to watch the retinal structure and objective evaluate the visual quality of amblyopia, further explore OCT and OQAS whether have some correlation for provide the basis for the assessment of the diagnosis and treatment of amblyopia.Purpose: The use of OCT and OQAS to analyse monocular amblyopias’ both eyes’ differences of retinal microstructures and visual quality, and analyse their correlation.Methods: Forty-four monocular amblyopia patients, in addition to the refractive errors and strabismus without other eye diseases, who saw doctors in our hospital were measured by OCT. In the mean time, thirty of them were measured by OQAS. The following parameters were analysed: foveal retinal thickness, nerve fiber layer thickness of the fovea and optic disc around the modulation, modulation transfer function cut off frequency(MTF cut off), the Strehl ratio(SR),the objective scatter index(OSI),the contrast visual acuity(VA) at one hundred percent, twenty percent and nine percent. To compare the differences between the two eyes and analyze the reasons for them. Analysing the two analytical systems’ related parameters and exploring the relationship of the retinal microstructures and visual quality.Results: Around the optic disc RNFL thickness distribution of the nonamblyopic eye and the amblyopic eye were thicker in upper and lower side, thinner in nose and temporal side. Non-amblyopic eye’s temporal RNFL thickness around the optic disc is thicker than the amblyopic eye, while the k nasal, inferior nasal, lower side and the weekly average RNFL thickness is thinner. The different types of amblyopia have no difference in retinal structure. Non-amblyopic eye’s foveal retinal thickness is thicker in female, but there is no gender difference between the amblyopic eye. Eyes foveal retinal thickness was positively correlated with age, but there is no difference between them. The temporal side and the nasal side around the fovea, as well as the nasal, inferior nasal side and the weekly average RNFL thickness around the optic disc of non-amblyopic eye is positively correlated with spherical equivalent. However, the nasal, upper, lower, inferior nasal and the weekly average RNFL thickness is positively correlated with spherical equivalent. The foveal retinal thickness, temporal RNFL thickness around the optic disc, the nasal and mean RNFL thickness around the foveal is negatively correlated with spherical equivalent.MTF cut off values of the non-amblyopic eye and the amblyopic eye were 39.11 ± 10.78 cpd, 31.72 ± 13.30cpd(t=2.98, P=0.006), SR values were 0.23 ± 0.06,0.19 ± 0.07(t=4.05, P=0.000), OSI values were 0.70 ± 0.64,0.90 ± 0.85(t=-0.93, P=0.363), VA values at 100%, 20% and 9% were 1.30 ± 0.36,1.06 ± 0.44;0.99 ± 0.31,0.77 ± 0.36;0.62 ± 0.19,0.47±0.22(t values were 2.98,3.37,3.86, P values were 0.006,0.002,0.001).The difference of OSI values were no statistically significant, while the differences of MTF cut off values, SR values and VA values at 100%, 20% and 9% were statistically significant.In a related study of the retinal micro-structures and the visual quality found that amblyopic eyes’ optic disc temporal RNFL thickness was thinner with the increased of MTF cut off value and VA100% value. There was negatively correlated with MTF cut off value and VA100% value(r values were-0.365,-0.366, P values are 0.047).Conclusion: OCT study found that monocular amblyopia’s both eyes’ RNFL thickness around the optic disc distribution was thicker in upper and lower side, thinner in nose and temporal side. The retinal microstructures of amblyopic eye have some relevance with gender, age and spherical equivalent. There were significant differences in MTF cut off value, SR value and VA values at 100%, 20% and 9% of monocular amblyopia’s both eyes. It also founds that the optic disc temporal RNFL thickness of amblyopic eye have negative correlation with MTF cut off value and VA value at 100%. Thus, OQAS can be more comprehensive and objective to assess the visual quality in amblyopia.OCT can be more intuitive to observe the retinal microstructures and the differences of both eyes, and there also have some correlation with the two systems. |
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