| Objective:To understand the growth and development level, nutritional status and influencing factors among children under 6 years old in four poor rural areas of Gansu Province from 2006 to 2009,and provide epidemiological evidence for making intervention policy for poor rural children.Methods:Multistage random cluster sampling method used in the national survey was performed. The subjects of the study were 4831 children under 6 years of age in four rural eight towns areas of Gansu Province. By conducting a questionnaire survey in childrens’parents.Childrens’height and weight were measured. Collected fingertip blood for examined hemoglobin. Blind double-entry methods was built in Epiinfo database, then data compared, data checked and data modificated. Used nutrition module in the Epi info software to calculate Z-score for evaluating the children’s nutritional status. The influencing factors of children malnutrition were analyzed by multivartate unconditional logistic regression model.Results:1. Development and growth of childrenBoth boys and girls’height at 1.5 years lower than nine cities suburbs and WHO standard in four poor rural areas of Gansu Province from 2006 to 2009. Both boys and girls’weight at 2.5 years lower than nine cities suburbs and WHO standard in four poor rural areas of Gansu Province from 2006 to 2009.2. The nutritional status of childrenThe prevalence of growth retardationThe prevalence of growth retardation among poor rural counties in Gansu Province were 8.4%,8.8%,6.4% and6.8%,respectively.The prevalence of growth retardation among different years was not significantly different(P>0.05). The boy’s and girl’s prevalence of growth retardation were 8.5% and 6.5%, The prevalence of growth retardation between boys and girls was significantly different(P<0.05),the prevalence rate of growth retardation in male was higher than female.The prevalence of underweightThe prevalence of underweight among poor rural counties in Gansu Province were 10.6%,10.9%,12.6% and11.0%,respectively(P> 0.05).The boy’s and girl’s prevalence of underweight were 10.4% and 12.4%, the prevalence of underweight between girls and boys was significantly different (P<0.05). the prevalence rate of underweight in female was higher than male.The prevalence of wastingThe prevalence of wasting among poor rural counties in Gansu Province were 6.2%,7.4%,9.5% and 6.6%,respectively(P<0.05).The boy’s and girl’s prevalence of wasting were 6.9% and 8.2%(P>0.05),the prevalence of wasting between girls and boys was not significantly different(P>0.05).2.4 The prevalence of growth retardation at different agesThe prevalence of growth retardation in different ages had significantly difference from 2006 to 2009,0 age group was lowest than others ages.5～6 age group was highest than 0 age group and 1 age group by paired comparison.2.5 The prevalence of underweight at different agesThe prevalence of underweight in different age had significantly difference from 2006 to 2009,0 age group was lowest than 1 age group and 5-6 age group,1 age group was highest than others ages,5～6 age group was highest than 3 age group and 4 age group by paired comparison.2.6 The prevalence of stunting at different agesThe prevalence of stunting in different ages had not significantly difference from 2006 to 2009.3.The prevalence of anemia3.1 The prevalence of anemia at different yearsThe prevalence of anemia was 23.4%,30.7%,16.0% and 26.7% in poor rural countries of Gansu Province from 2006 to 2009 respectively(P<0.05),the prevalence of anemia among different years was significantly different(P<0.05).3.2 The prevalence of anemia at different areasThe prevalence rate of anemia had significant difference in different areas form 2006 to 2009(P<0.05),the prevalence of anemia was highest in Kangle Country than Qingshui Country in three years by paired comparison.3.3 The prevalence of anemia at different sexsThe boy’s and girl’s prevalence of anemia were 24.3% and 24.0%, the prevalence of wasting between girls and boys was not significantly different(P>0.05).3.4 The prevalence of anemia in different agesThe prevalence of anemia in different ages had significantly difference in 2006,0 age group was highest than 3 age group,4 age group and 5-6 age group,1 age group was highest than 4 age group and 5～6 age group by paired comparison.The prevalence of anemia in different ages had significantly difference in 2007,0 age group was highest than 3 age group,4 age group and 5～6 age group,2 age group was highest than 4 age group by paired comparison.The prevalence of anemia in different ages had not significantly difference in 2008.The prevalence of anemia in different ages had significantly difference in 2009,0 age group was highest than2 age group,3 age group,4 age group and 5～6 age group,1 age group was highest than 3age group,4 age group and 5～6 age group by paired comparison. The prevalence of anemia in 0 age group and 1 age group were highest.4.The factors of malnutrition and anemia4.1 The factor of growth retardationChildren was easier to suffer from growth retardation in Kangle Country than Qingshui Country. Gender was influencing factor, the prevalence of growth retardation boys higher than girls.Rising of the risk of growth retardation with age. Minority nationality was more easily to be growth retardation. The higher father’s educational level, the lower prevalence of stunting. Growing animals in home was a risk factor.4.2 The factor of underweightGulang country and Kangle country were both risk factors for underweight than Qingshui Country. Girls was more easier to underweight, minority was more easier to underweight. The prevalence of underweight would be reduce with increasing gestational age. The maternal professional was technical more easier to underweight. The higher maternal educational level, the lower prevalence of underweight. Puddle water was main water source was more easily occurred underweight. Vaccination was a protective factor. Join foods in six months for infants was a protective factor.4.3 The factor of wastingGulang country and Kangle country compared with Qingshui coutry were risk factors for wasting. planting grains in home was a risk factor.4.4 The factor of anemiaGulang Country, Kangle Country and Longxi Country compared with Qingshui Country were risk factors for anemia. Rising of the protective of anemia with age. Guider was grandmothers and fathers was a protective factor. Children with diarrhea in two weeks more easily occurred anemia than those that no diarrheic children. Puddle water was main water source was more easily occurred anemia. Vaccination was a protective factor.Conclusions:Growth and development of children in poor rural province was still unsatisfactory. Recent and acute malnutrition in children had not been resolved. Toddlers and preschoolers nutritional status was not optimistic. The problem of nutritional among children in minority areas was indispensable, Anemia especially the problem of Pediatric Anemia was still outstanding. We should make effective intervention measures according to children’s nutrition status and all kinds of influencing factors. |
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