Risk Factors For Falling Among Older Adults In Elderly Apartment In SuZhou

Objective: 1.To describe the current situation of falling in elderly apartment in Su Zhou.2. To filter out the risk factors of falling in elderly apartment. 3.To evaluate the effect of the Modified Falls Risk for Older People in the Community( MFROP-Com) screening tool through a prospective study.Methods: The elderly aged 60 or more from ten elderly apartment with 100 or more bed were investigated from February 2014 to February 2015 by using cluster sample method. Recording the number of falls in the half year since the surveryed time. The questionnaire includes: demographic data and fall situation questionnaire and Modified Falls Risk for Older People in the Community(MFROP-Com), this tool includes 19 specific assessment items of 13 projects. The entire data was input into computer and analyzed by SPSS19.0 statistic software, α=0.05.Results: 1.682 elderly people were investigated, after preliminary screening, 677 copies conform to research requirement, the efficiency is 99.3%. 61(38.6%) male, 416(61.4%)female, the age is 61~103years old, the mean age(81.60±8.25)years old. 2.Among the 677 elder, 180 had 311 falling, of which 98 people fell once, 38 people fell two times and 44 people fell three times or more(one person fell four times, two person fell five times). The incidence of falling was 26.6%. It was higher in women(30.0%) than in men(21.1%)(X2=6.619, P=0.010). 3.The high-risk falling period was in 6am~12am of which 48.3% had a fall;61.7% fell indoor. Losing balance(36.9%) was the most important factor, followed by week in the leg(18.4%), slip(18.1%) and dizziness.76(42.2%) had mild injury, but didn’t need medical treatment, 36(20%) had slightly damaged with medical treatment, 37(20.6%) people who fell had serious damage. 4.The total average tool scoring was12.131±6.551, the average in falling was17.461±6.736, the rest was10.211±5.301. 5.Six factors were identified as risk factors for falls in the elderly apartment, sex(OR=1.933,P=0.004), numbers of disease influencing self balance(OR=1.554,P=0.006), visual(OR=0.589,P=0.022),functional behavioral(OR=2.367, P<0.001), gait(OR=2.452, P=0.001) and home environment(OR=1.235,P=0.019). 6.Through prospective study, area under the ROC curve was 0.765, 95%CI0.722~0.809, when we took 12.50 as the critical value, the largest Youden index was 0.393, and the sensitivity was 71.1%, the specificity was 68.3%, positive predictive value was 72.26% and negative predictive value was 92.71%.Conclusions: 1. The incidence of falling in elderly apartment in Su Zhou is higher than average level of Previous studies in community. 2. The rate was higher in women than in men. 3. The high-risk falling period was in 6am~12am. Most falls occurred indoor.Losing balance was the most important factor, followed by week in the leg, slip and dizziness. Severe physical and psychological damage was caused after falling. 4. Six risk factors for falls in the elderly apartment is sex, numbers of disease influencing self balance, visual, functional behavioral, gait and home environment. 5.When we took 12.50 as the critical value, all index of the tool is balanced and it has an excellent predictive power.