| Objective To evaluate the influence of awareness rate of handwashing knowledge and indication and effects of hand washing behavior formation rate of children after implemented different handwashing intervention measures in the preschool, to study the effects of the absenteeism caused by the infectious symptoms after implemented different handwashing intervention measures in the preschool, to explore the effectivest handwashing education measure to children.Methods 4 preschools children have accepted different intervention measures for a year. The awareness rate of handwashing knowledge and indication and handwashing behavior formation rate of 240 children in preschool collected before and after the intervention. SPSS16.0 software is used to analyse the data. Count data by chi-square test. The absenteeism due to symptoms of infection of the intervention and the control children collected before and after the intervention, analysis impact on absenteeism by chi-square rank and inspection measures.Result The 240 children have accepted the investigation of the awareness rate of handwashing knowledge and indication and of the behavior formation rate of hand washing. The awareness rate of handwashing knowledge and indication baseline survey show: hand washing can prevent the disease, whether knowing 7-steps to handwashing, if knowing the right handwashing steps, whether to use liquid soap handwashing, wash your hands more than 30 seconds, close the tap need to rinse or use the elbow (hand) closed and cleaning hands whether one towel or paper towel awareness rate as follows: 68.33%,29.58%,13.75%,95.42%,68.33%,68.33% and 94.58%, and after the intervention, the all rates are up, respectively, 92.92%, 50%, 34.58%, 99.17%, 75.42%, 80.83%, 97.08%. The four awareness changes have significant difference. Handwashing indication awareness of baseline survey show: before entering class, after playing games, entering home from the outside, after sneezing or coughing, before eating, after eating, after toilet of the awareness rate are 98.33%,94.58%,69.58%,53.33%,99.85%,98.75% 9,9.85%. After the intervention, the survey the rates have improved, respectively,100%,99.58%,96.25%,81.25%,100%.100%,100%, of which the first four awareness changes have significant difference. Handwashing behavior formation rate baseline survey:washing your hands in conformity with the 7-steps washing technique, time to wash your hands more than 30 seconds, after washing your hands close the tap need to rinse or use the elbow (hand) off, use soap to wash your hands and rub hands by one towel one person or paper towel behavior formation rate baseline survey show: 11.25%,17.92%,17.50%,93.33%,98.75%, after the intervention, the hand washing behavior formation rate are improved, respectively,24.17%,34.17%, 54.17%,100% and 97.08%, the first three rates changes have significant difference.A total of 1856 children participated in the absenteeism survey due to infection symptoms, including intervention group of 1557 children, the control group of 229 children. After the intervention, the intervention group absenteeism rate is 3.01%, the control group absenteeism is 4.25% (x2= 107.45, P< 0.01). The absenteeism rate of intervention group before intervention is 3.71%, and reduced by 18.87%after the intervention (x2= 99.64, P< 0.01). The intervention group 1, the intervention group 2, the intervention group 3, the intervention group 4 absenteeism rate before intervention are respectively 3.77%,3.53%,3.97% and 3.62%, after the intervention,the rates are respectively were 2.91%,4.52%,3.39%and 2.09%, the intervention group 1,3 and 4 absenteeism rates are statistical significance. The average absenteeism rate caused by the fever, the symptoms of upper respiratory tract, the digestive tract symptoms, the conjunctival congestion, the skin rash in the test group after the intervention were 1.51 times / 100person · weeks,9.20 times / 100 person · weeks,0.30 times / 100 person · weeks, 0.09 and 1.05 times / 100 person · weeks. The control average absenteeism rate caused by the five kinds were 4.52,12.62,0.9,0.23, 0.21 times / 100person · weeks. The first four average absenteeism rates after intervention are obviously less than the rate of the control group (P＜0.01). The average absenteeism rate caused of the five kinds of symptoms before intervention is 2.13,12.83,0.35,0.13 and 0.20 times / 100person · weeks, the first three average absenteeism rates after intervention are obviously less than the rate before intervention(P＜ 0.01).Conclusion After the preschool children have accepted handwashing interventions, the awareness rate of handwashing knowledge and indication and handwashing behavior formation rate have obviously improved. The absenteeism rates caused by the infectious symptoms have greatly reduced. |
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