Study On Maternal And Child Health Of Minority Areas In Sichuan And Tibet

Objective:To understand health knowledge, health behavior and health status of women and children under 3 years of age in Sichuan and Tibet minority area, and analyze its influencing factors, so as to provide basis for health administrate department to develop specific maternal and child health care policy, enhance the health care level of women and children, promote maternal and child work smoothly.Methods:This research used PPS (Probability Proportional to Size, PPS) sample method,1873 caregivers of children under three years age, were surveyed by a questionnaire survey of 12 counties in Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture of Sichuan Provence and Tibet Autonomous Region, and measured the height and weight of children under 3 years old. We described the status of antenatal examination, hospital delivery, children’s growth and development, children with two-week prevalence rate of diarrhea, and analyzed the influence factors with the regression analysis of single factor analysis and multiple factor non conditional Logistic.Results:1.The number of caregivers was 1873 people, of children below 3 years old, and the female was more than half (84.6%), mainly concentrated on the age of 20～40 years old (66.5%), minority concluded Yi, Tibetan and other (92.7%), mostly did not go to school or primary school education (92.8%), the annual per capita income of the median family was 1200 yuan, accounted for 87.4% of the poor family.2.The initiative to consult a doctor before pregnancy was 22.7%,the rate of prenatal examination of pregnant women was 52.9%, more than 5 times the rate of prenatal examination was 14.8%, early examination pregnancy rate was 32.0%, hospital delivery rate was 32.4%, first prenatal gestational age was 11.6 weeks on average, the average frequency of prenatal examination was 3.2 times, first the place of prenatal examination mostly was the township hospitals (27.3%) and above the county level hospitals (25.5%), the average hospital stay after childbirth was (5.2±4.6) days, why not make prenatal check or not go to the hospital delivery of most of them were not considered necessary, accounted for 26.1% and 29.5%.3.Children under 3 years old in survey area was low birth weight of 45 people, accounted for 9.3%, fetal macrosomia was 53 people, accounted for 11%,94.2% rate of early to open milk, colostrum feeding rate was 86.1%, the thought of adding complementary of caregivers was 4～6 mouths of year, accounted for 30.6%, caregivers of children before feeding most had not hands washing habits, accounted for 74.3%. The rate of growth retardation of children, the rate of low birth weight, weight loss rate was respectively 30.5%,16.5%,1.6%. Children with two-week prevalence rate of diarrhea were 19.5%.Conclusion:Minority area in Tibet and Sichuan, health care of pregnant women is not good, and growth and development of children under 3 years old is in poor condition, Children with two-week prevalence rate of diarrhea is high. Owning professional knowledge of maternal and child health care is low, relatively backward economic development, some low knowledge of health are the main risk factors of the survey area. It is necessary to develop health education, make appropriate and effective measures to promote local maternal and their families, to improve the basic health knowledge of maternal and child health.