Trends Of Food Consumption And Overweight/Obesity And The Effect Due To Food Price In Nine Provinces Of China (CHNS 1991-2011)

Background The increase risk of overweight and obesity is associated with more high energy density foods intake,more frequently meal consumption and low dietary fiber intake. Economic theory suggests that food prices are playing an important role in the process of consumers choosing food.Food prices change will affect the amount and the sort of food consumers will buy. Many foreign scholors have been studying the relationship between overweight and obesity status and food prices,which there is much less in our country.Objective To know about the food consumption and overweight/obesity status in China(CHNS 1991-2011) among the adult residents aged from 18 to 60 years old. Moreover,to explore how food prices make an impact on food consumption and overweight/obesity status among residents.Methods This study used the data collected from the China Health and Nutrition Survey(CHNS) in 1991、1993、1997、2000、2004、2006、2009 and 2011, an ongoing longitudinal cohort study. It based on food consumption theory and household production theory exploring the association between food prices and food consumption and overweight/obesity status in different areas in China. Firstly, descripting the changing trends of food prices, food consumption and overweight/obesity status.Secondly, with a two stage of econometric model and mixed effect model, influence factors of food consumption and overweight/obesity status were analyzed.Results From 1991 to 2011, rice, flour and vegetable consumption showed a trend of decline. Take consumption of rice for example, in urban,the number reduced from 256.7 g/day in 1991, to 177.3 g/day in 2011. In suburban.it reduced from 333.5 g/day in 1991, to 257.7 g/day in 2011. In county, it reduced from 288.2 g/day in 1991, to 230.8 g/day in 201. In rural,it reduced from 350.7 g/day in 1991, to 274.5 g/day in 2011. Consumption of pork, fish and eggs presented a rising trend of different level, Take egg consumption for example, in urban the number increased from 30.74 g/day in 1991, to 41.05 g/day in 2011.In suburban,it increased from 20.20 g/day in 1991, to 29.06 g/day in 2011. In county,it increased from 17.59 g/day in 1991, to 31.91 g/day in 2011.In rural,it increased from 8.41 g/day in 1991, to 28.70 g/day in 2011.Sugar consumption showed a trend of fluctuations.In addition, the residents of fat and carbohydrate energy than abnormal proportion change showed the obvious growth trend,adipose offer can crowd than high ratio has exceeded 50%, of which the proportion of urban residents reached 80%.From 1991 to 2011, the weight of both male and female showed increasing trend year by year, the extent of male weight gain is greater than the extent of women’s. Weight gain also led to the rapid increasement in BMI and overweight/obesity, overweight/obesity prevalence was more than doubled in 20 years.In 2011,the overweight/obesity rate of men and women was 45.80% and 41.01%, respectively. After adjusting for age, overweight/obesity rate of every survey was still on the rise.From 1991 to 2011, among all kinds of food price collected from the community markets, only pork prices have been rising along with the change of time, the other 6 kinds of food prices showed a fluctuated upward trend, whose overall change was in a low level.Conclusions From 1991 to 2011, Rice, flour and vegetable consumption showed a trend of decreasing, and animal food such as pork, eggs and fish consumption rise.Overweight/obesity rates are showing obvious rising trend in different sex, different income levels and different settlement interval, food prices generally rise in China. Since the price elasticity and cross price elasticity value difference is bigger with different food, we can prompt strategically regulation to substitute or tax for different kinds of food to make sure residents’ balance of food consumption.