Research On The Demands And Related Factors Of Home Care For The Elderly

Subject to economic conditions, traditional concept of thinking and other factors, the majority of the elderly are willing to choose home care. With the deepening of the aging population and the increasing prevalence rate of chronic diseases of the elderly, so that the demand for home care of the elderly is increasing. Therefore, it is necessary to explore the demands of the elderly home care.Objective:Through the study on the elderly home care demands and related factors to solve the following problems: 1.Home care demand of the elderly; 2.The element of the elderly home care demands; 3.The influencing factors of the elderly home care demands; 4.The influencing factors of high home nursing demand for the elderly.Method:A questionnaire survey was conducted on the aged people in Weitang Town, Xiangcheng District, Suzhou city by the cluster sampling method during August 2014 to February 2015. 6335 questionnaires were released and a total of 5657 questionnaires was recovered. The recovery rate was 89.3%.Through data sorting and filtering, the effective questionnaires were 5178, and the effective rate was 91.53%. The content of the questionnaire includes the basic information of the object, the ADL scale, the evaluation of nursing demands and so on. Using Epidata3.1 to establish a database and input data, statistical analysis using SPSS19.0.The test level is set to 0.05.Results:1.Home nursing demandsThere were 3050 old people had the will to accept home care, the rate of nursing care was 58.9%; 762 people had the high demand of home nursing care, the high nursing demand rate was 25%.2.Nursing demand projectsThe top three of the eight nursing demand projects are home based nursing project, safe medication guide project and safety knowledge education project.The demand rate of them were respectively 33.3%, 32.5% and 30.5%. There were significant differences in the demand rate of nursing items in different gender. The women demand rate of home based care project, safe medication guidance and safety knowledge education project is higher than that of the male. The demand rate for men in hospice care is higher than that of women.3.Influencing factors of home care demands of the elderly3.1Univariate logistic regression analysisUnivariate logistic regression analysis showed social economic factors including gender, age, education level, marital status, living way, medical insurance, income per month, annual total medical costs and self-paid medical expenses; lifestyle factors including drinking, exercise; health status factors including ADL, hypertension, diabetes, heart disease, stroke, cataract were statistically significant.3.2Multivariate logistic regression analysisMultivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the influencing factors of elderly home care,the OR value and 95% confidence interval are as follows: the values of social economic factors included age at 75-80(OR=1.247;CI:1.018-1.527),age above 80(OR=1.334;CI:1.040-1.713), medical insurance(OR=1.955;CI:1.102-3.470) and annual total medical costs above 3000(OR=1.345;CI:1.117-1.620); the values of health status factors included hypertension(OR=1.225;CI:1.075-1.396),diabetes(OR=1.196; CI:1.001-1.429),cataracts(OR=1.295;CI:1.081-1.552),heartdisease(OR=1.294;CI:1.042-1.608) and ADL(OR=1.421; CI:1.089-1.853).4.Impact factors of elderly high home care demands4.1Univariate logistic regression analysisUnivariate logistic regression analysis showed social economic factors including age, education level, occupation, annual total medical costs, self-paid medical expenses; lifestyle factors including exercise; health factors including ADL, heart disease were statistically significant.4.2Multivariate logistic regression analysisMultivariate logistic regression analysis showed that impact factors of elderly high home care demands, the OR value and 95% confidence interval: the value of social economic factors including occupation(OR=1.349;CI:1.045-1.742); the value of lifestyle factors including exercise(OR=1.439;CI:1.217-1.702); the value of health factors including heart disease(OR=1.405;CI:1.072-1.843) and ADL(OR=1.919; CI:1.406-2.620).Conclusion:1.There is a large demand of elderly home care. Measures should be taken to meet the demands of home care for the elderly.2.The top three projects of elderly home care demands : home based nursing care, safe medication guidance and safety knowledge education. According to the demands of the project, the reasonable allocation of nursing resources and the targeted nursing services should be provided.3.Age above 75 years old, medical insurance owners, people with medical expenses more than 3000 a year, chronic disease patients and people with vary degrees of dysfunction have more demand of home care. We should focus on the demands of such groups and provide more personalized care services.4.Administrator, teacher and people of other professions, exercise person, patients with heart disease or vary degrees of dysfunction need high home nursing care. Among the elderly with care demands, with high level of occupation or attention to the movement have a higher demand for nursing services. More targeted actions should be taken to provide care for such groups of people.5.To establish a mechanism for home care evaluation to assess the demands of the elderly, and take targeted actions to provide home care services for the elderly, to promote and improve the health of the elderly.