| Objective To explore a feasible health education model of AIDS for rural pregnant women in Wuxu Town Central Hospital in Nanning city, Guangxi, provide new thought for health education of AIDS in maternal health care for primary hospital; And provide basis for how to carry out health education of AIDS rely on primary hospitals in rural areas of Guangxi in the future.Methods A total of 250 rural pregnant women were collected from February to June in 2014 for baseline survey by convenience sampling in the hospital. A self-designed questionnaire was used to conduct pregnant women’s demands and correct answer rate of AIDS and condom, and to investigate condom use and the reasons for not using. According to the results, we designed a health education model that contained teaching in pregnant women’s school, joining in the peer education directed by nurse student, and communicating on mobile communication platform with knowledge attitude belief practice (KABP) and health belief model (HBM) as guiding theories. We randomly selected 150 pregnant women from July to November 2014, and divided into two groups. Each group included 75 pregnant women. Experimental group used the health education model; control group used conventional health education. A questionnaire was conducted again after intervention in 1 month. The intervention effects were evaluated by comparing two groups’correct answer rate of AIDS and condom before and after.Results 1.In baseline survey,68.40% pregnant women never received AIDS health education during antenatal care.46.00% of them thought they didn’t do HⅣ antibody testing and 30.80% of them didn’t know if they had done the testing.95.60% of them intended to know more knowledge of AIDS. 2. The top three actual routes were health propaganda column, TV/movies, and hearing from others. While the top three hopeful routes were medical staff’ education, TV/movies, and surfing the Internet with cell phone.3. The correct answer rate of HIV characteristics, clinical manifestation, clinical stages, mosquito bite and daily contact would not spread HIV were 40.40%,53.20%, 40.80%,58.80%,79.60%.And the correct answer rate of mother-to-child transmission (MTCT), sexual transmission, blood transmission were 84.40%,83.20%,93.20%; 26.80% and 32.80% of them knew the mother-infant block and subsidy policy. The correct answer rate of testing sites, times, consulting and preliminary screening were 52.40%,36.40%,49.60%.79.20% and 81.60% of them thought that it’s necessary to do HIV antibody testing before marriage, pregnancy and during gestation period.39.20% of them were willing to daily contact with AIDS patients and 66.80% of them were willing to consult and do HIV antibody testing.4.14.40% of them used condom regularly. When their husband used condom with unwillingness,43.60% of them chose compromise directly, and 29.60% of them chose to put forward different views, but if not work, they would give up. The top three reasons for not using condom regularly were expensive, troublesome, husband’s unwillingness.5. After intervention, pregnant women in experimental group which total correct answer rate of basic knowledge of AIDS and condom were above 80%, and MTCT and HIV antibody detection were up from 50.48% to 72.84%, and attitudes and willingness were up from 67.11% to 78.87%. With intra-group comparison, besides the correct answer rate of clinical manifestation, clinical stages, counseling service and initial blood screening test, willing to consult and HⅣ antibody testing, the other points were increased significantly (P<0.05). Pregnant women in control group which total correct answer rates of four knowledge modules had no significant differences before and after intervention (P>0.05).Comparing each point, besides the correct answer rate of MTCT, testing sites, testing time, the others increased not significantly (P>0.05).Conclusion 1. Rural pregnant women’s cognitions of transmission routes were high, but HⅣ characteristics, clinical manifestation, clinical stages, mosquito bite, mother-infant block, HIV antibody testing were low. They had tendency of discrimination against AIDS patients. They needed more knowledge and were eager to get from medical staffs. Primary hospitals maternal and child health service were weak.2. The health education model was feasible. It could efficiently improve pregnant women’s knowledge, attitudes, and willingness of AIDS, but it had shortcomings in improving cognitions of clinical manifestation, clinical stages, consulting and preliminary screening, willing to consult and HIV antibody testing.3. It needed further thinking and research that how to popularize in more primary hospitals and consolidate the long-term effect. |
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