The Effects Of M1 And M2 Macrophages On The Formation Of Atherosclerosis Plaques In Diabetic Mellitus

Objective:(1).To detect the changes of M1 and M2 macrophages in the artery and pathological changes of artery in normal rats, AS model rats and DM&AS model rats.(2). To investigate the changes of M1 and M2 macrophages and its related indexes in the development of diabetic atherosclerosis.Methods:60 male wistar rats, 6 weeks old, weighting 160 g were used in the present study.After 2 weeks’ adaptive feeding, all the rats were randomly divided into 3 groups. The control group were given standard rat food, while the rats in AS gpoup and DM&AS group were given high cholesterol diet. DM&AS group were first induced into models of T2 DM. After successful building models,two groups were fed with high cholesterol diet for 12 weeks. All the rats were put to death after fasting for 12 h. Abdominal aortic blood were used for the determination of TC, TG, HDL-C, LDL-C, blood glucose, IL-6, IL-10 and TNF-α. The root of the ascending aorta was sliced continuously, and HE staining was used to observe the atherosclerotic lesion. The marker CD86 and CD163 in the aorta were labeled by immunohistochemistry, then the gray scale of CD86 and CD163 in the intima of the artery were analysed. SPSSl9.0 statistical software was used for data analysis. T test or LSD analysis of variance were used to compare the datas between the two groups, and P<0.05 was statistically significant.Results:The expression of CD86 in the intima of DM and AS group was significantly higher than that in the group of AS, while the level of CD163 is lower than that of atherosclerosis group, and the difference between the two groups has statistical significance(P < 0.05); The expression of CD86 in the intima of atherosclerosis group was higher than that of the normal control group, CD163 expression was significantly lower than that of the normal control group, and the differences were statistically significant(P < 0.05).The levels of IL-6 and TNF- a in the serumof DM&AS group were higher than those of atherosclerosis group, while levels of IL-10 in DM&AS group was lower than that of the atherosclerosis group, and the differences were statistically significant(P <0.05); The levels of IL-6 and TNF-a in the serumof atherosclerosis group were higher than those of the control group, while levels of IL-10 in atherosclerosis group was lower than that of control group, and the difference has statistical significance(P < 0.05).The levels of TC, TG, LDL-C and blood glucose were significantly higher than those of the As group with statistically significance(P<0.05), and the levels of TC, TG,LDL-C and blood glucose were higher than those of the normal control group, the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05); there was no significant difference in the level of HDL-C between the three groups(P>0.05).Conclusion:Atherosclerosis is a chronic disease of arteries which is not only related with Macrophages in hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia and coronary CD86 and CD163, but also is closely related to the interaction and induction of above factors. HDL and IL-10 can suppress macrophage inflammatory cytokines and promote tissue repair to affect atherosclerotic formation. But it can not mean the risk reduction of CHD. Further study of the common regulatory mechanism and drug target can get better control of this kind of disease.