The Study Of QingZhou In The Tang Dynasty

Qingzhou is located in the northern part of the North China Plain. It is in the south of the central hills of Shandong Peninsula and the Bohai Sea is on the north side of it.Qingzhou is the economic developed areas since ancient times.Because of its special geographical location,Qingzhou has always been contested when the factions of the north and south struggle.After the tang dynasty unified,Qingzhou began to recover from the war of the late sui dynasty,economic and cultural development was restored.The Zongguan government was founded in the early tang dynasty. Soon it was replaced by the Dudu government which was led by the royals directly.In the period of Taizong、Gaozong and Zetian of tang dynasty,there were a significant number of royals being sent to be the chief executive of Qingzhou.From this situation,we can see that the central government of the tang dynasty attached great importance to Qingzhou.During the period of the "Rebellion of An Lushan and Shi Siming",Hou Xiyi led troops arrived in Qingzhou and seized power from the original government.The Ziqing military governor was established and became one of the most important strength in these military governors. The changes of military force in Qingzhou had a significant impact on the relationship between central government and military governors.Therefore,a research on Qingzhou is necessary.Based on historical documents,epitaphs and inscriptions,with the methods of history,statistics and so on,this thesis analyzed Qingzhou systematically from the perspectives of cultural environment,administrative organization,chief executive and buddhism belief.The chapter one is to study the cultural and geographical environment of Qingzhou in the tang dynasty,including the natural geographical environment,the culture geography environment and the importance of Qingzhou traffic location in the tang dynasty. Through the study we can see that Qingzhou had a very important position both in the aspects of economy and military in the tang dynasty.The chapter two is to review the changes of the administrative districts and the administrative organization structure of Qingzhou in the tang dynasty. At first,Zongguan government was founded in Qingzhou.It was replaced by Dudu government soon.In the year of774,Qingzhou was graded up to Wang state,which meant its strategic status rose further. In the period of the Ziqing military governor,Qingzhou was the seat.Later,the seat was transferred to Yunzhou.In819,the central government regained the dominion of Qingzhou and the seat was back to Qingzhou.In the early tang dynasty,CiShi was the first chief executive dealing with all kinds of things within the state.However,with the emergence of military governors issues after the middle tang dynasty,the power belonging to CiShi was taken away by jiedushi.Through the study,we can see the administrative operations of Qingzhou government in the tang dynasty.The chapter three is to analyze the chief executives of Qingzhou from the perspectives of the family background,the way entering the government,the position changes in the officialdom and their political behaviors.In the early tang dynasty,CiShi was the highest executive officer of the state. With the development of military governors issuesjiedushi mastered the power.In the period of Li Zhengji family and Wang Jingwu family controlling Qingzhou,the central government lost the rule of it. This chapter will focus on the whole group of Qingzhou CiShi. According to the analysis of the whole group,the relationship between the central government and local governments will become clear.The chapter four is to discuss the situation about buddhism belief in Qingzhou.Through the research on temples,monks and their behaviors,we can see that the development of Qingzhou Buddhism in the tang dynasty is still prosperous.Also,according to the record of epitaphs and inscriptions,it is clear that people of Qingzhou have a very deep belief in Buddhism.