A Study Of Luoyang As Temporary Capital Of Nanjing National Government

With a view to exercise it’s authority totally free and not be threated by violence, Nanjing National Government released a manifesto to move the capital to Luoyang in January 30 th 1932 after January 28 th Incident under the aggressive offensive of Japan. Because of this event, the significance obviousiy is there for history of the republic of China, history of Henan region, history of local development of Luoyang and for history of Sino-Japanese relations, history of Anti-Japanese War, history of modern Chinese Political. Moving the capital to Luoyang was a policy of take refuge urgently by Nanjing National Government, and yet it ensured the safety of Chinese government temporarily, made China maintained a saftive political centre in time of war, and took positive effict on the victory of the war of Resistence for China. Also, it brought about extraordinary changes for Luoyang that made Luoyang grown into a preliminary modern city from a dilapidated town.In view of the current research of Luoyang as temporary capital in academic circles, this thesis will draw the outline of the basic look of the research on this event from four aspects:In the first part of the thesis, there will be a brief description of January 28 th Incident and the background and details of Nanjing National Government decided to move it’s office to Luoyang temporarily. Nanjing National Government was under threat with the outbreak of January 28 th Incident. Central Committee Political Council decided to move it’s capital, finally, Luoyang was the chosen one during the five cities: Beiping, Wuhan, Xian, Chongqing, Luoyang.The second part will disscuss something about the dispute before and after Nanjing National Government decided to move it’s capital to Luoyang. As an important part of the thesis, this part will give a summarize and analysis on suggestions and comments given by public, political and academic circles before and after Nanjing National Government released a manifesto to move the capital to Luoyang temporarily. A conciusion can be drawn after an analysis that approving of move the capital became the mainstream of public circles at that time. The mainstream had brought a significant influence on Nanjing National Government’s decision then, and supported the government’s decision in public opinions.The third part will give a description on both the condition of Luoyang when Nanjing National Government moved it’s capital in and how various institutions and departments were settled after the relocation. The describe of the face of Luoyang at that time will appear firstly, then will be the basic situation of how various institutions and departments were settled after the relocation. Because of war, the departments that were relocated in Luoyang were Executive Yuan, Industry Branch and Ministry of Railways while a large part of departments were remained in Nanjing to deal with affairs, like the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Minister of war and Shanghai-Nanjing Gavrison Command. so it could be said that the whloe government was not moved in Luoyang totally. The real political center was not in Luoyang though the official brand was hunged in this city.The last part will introduce the influence of Nanjing National Government’s moving the capital to Luoyang.As the concluding paragraph of this thesis, it evaluated the necessity and historical value of Nanjing National Government’s moving the capital to Luoyang and the important effects forboth Nanjing National Government and Luoyang after analysising the disputation on moving the capital to Luoyang,the government agencies Nanjing National Government settled in Luoyang and the concrete construction Nanjing Government made in Luoyang. Firstly, this part introduced the important effects on Nanjing Government: moving the capital to Luoyang affecting the Battle of Shanghai directly that helped National Government live through it’s crisis temporarily.Then, significant influence on Luoyang. This part give a discussion of Luoyang’s situation before Nanjing National Government’s moving the capital in it: Suffered from perennial war, Luoyang was in shreds and patches at that time. Nanjing Government couldn’t handle office business and live normally as soon as they moved in Luoyang, so, National Government decided to set up temporary capital construction committee and Luoyang Garrison Command, formulate the bill on constructing auxiliary capital Changan and temporary capital Luoyang faithfully to conduct the municipal construction in Luoyang. A detailed introduction of some important construction such as Luoyang Military Academy was made in this thesis. All the constructions have made an enormous impact on Luoyang that helped Luoyang changed out of what she was. Luoyang began to be equipped with base installation and municipal construction and become a city to none in Henan Province.Through out the sorting work, this thesis analysised and researched Temporary Capital Luoyang as a whole, investigated it’s specific historical connotation, unscrambled true features of the disputation on moving the capital at that time, the condition about Nanjing National Government’s moving the capital and the influence brought by this action. The overall study of Temporary Capital Luoyang can not only perfect the study of the history of the republic of China, the history of Anti-Japanese War, the history of capital constructing in China, but also enrich and deepen the research on history of Luoyang local and history of West Yu, and make an contribution to the history of west areas of Henan Province.