Damage And Control Of Salt Crystallization On The Stone Relics

The salt crystallization is one of the most common diseases of stone relics. The soluble salt repeatedly dissolved and crystallized in stone relics under natural conditions, which not only polluted the stone by forming deposit on the surface, but also led to the exterior dropping of stone and the expansion of crack damage to the internal structure. All of that makes the stone relics incomplete. The integrity and ornamental value would be damaged; the important historical information in stone relics would be also missed. Therefore, in order to keep the stone relic’s intact preservation, it is critical to control the salt crystallization disease. Through the study on the destructive phenomenon of salt crystallization disease to stone relics, this paper aims to find out the material that can control the disease, and analyze the feasibility of the material using. The main research work includes:(1) Study on the destruction of salt crystallization in stone. We are carried out salt corrosion test on six kinds of stone materials, and observed the phenomenon and degreed of destruction on different rocks made by different kinds of salt crystallization, so as to analyze the cause of the damage. Experimental results show that sulfate crystals have a strong ability to destroy any type of stone; and among the carbonate and portland stone, there is one kind of stone which is destroyed seriously by the soluble salt.(2) Screening the materials that can control the salt crystallization during stone relics. We measured the inhibition effect of generating crystal of such inorganic materials as sodium ferrocyanide, potassium ferrocyanide and such organic materials as PASP and PAAS. The results showed that potassium ferrocyanide and PASP can inhibit the crystallization of soluble salt and have a better effect.(3) Putting the materials which are used in control of salt crystal on the stone materials to observe the effect. Through simulating experiment, we analyzed and researched the stone materials which used the materials of inhibiting the generation of salt crystal and test the materials’ characterization and properties which are used to restrain the salt crystal. It’s proved that potassium cyanide and PASP can make the crystallization of soluble salts in the stone capacity decrease significantly, but the latter does better.By studying the destruction phenomenon of salt crystal and using the materials which control the salt crystal production from the causes of destroying according to different stone materials, It could effectively weaken the salt crystal’s destruction to the stone materials and reduced the rate of stones’salt weathering. Therefore, the goal of extending the life of stone relics could be attained.