Research On The Peasants’ Participation In Social Governance From The Perspective Of Stratification

Peasants’ participation is the essential requirement of rural social governance,and it also the question of meaning to build multivariate model in rural social governance. For this reason, it has always been the focus and hot issues of political,academic circles and social concern.With the deepening modernization, marketization,urbanization and reform of the rural areas advancement, rural social structure dramatic change, the transformation of social characteristics highlight, can peasants orderly participate to the rural social governance suffer a serious challenge, can build a multivariate model of rural social governance face an unprecedented crisis. Some studies have concerned about the peasants’ political participation, but more as the object analysis. Scholars also regarded political participation approximately equal as participation in governance. Previous studies or limited to the theoretical level, or continued the existing path villager autonomy, which lack of systematic study and experience support. This study based on structural change theory, theory of social stratification and social governance theory, using the empirical data of Shandong and Hubei Province, from the perspective of stratification to investigate the peasants’ participation in rural social governance, especially focuses on the four field about economy, culture, politic and society of three units such as individual, household and village stratification affect the peasants’ participant.Accordingly, study looks forward to the rural social governance.In this study, empirical analysis contain the following basic conclusions: First,the possibility of peasants’ participation in social governance is relatively high.Peasants have a certain degree of attention and awareness in rural social governance, and with a strong principal role cognition. Most peasants are willing to participate in governance, motivation mainly based on two types. One is effective type which consider their own social status in the villages and villages’ development,other is instrumental type based on economic considerations. Second, there are differences about peasants’ participation in rural social governance in different fields.Social participation, political participation, supply of public goods and services participation and collective participation in economic field successively descend.Thirdly, unit stratification has an impact on peasants’ participant in rural social governance.The unit level, with different individual, household and village stratification, peasants’ participant is different, and the impacts on the three levels of social governance are decline. Under different units, field stratification has a impact on peasants’ participant. In the political field, whether it is individual or family,the high political stratum especially the level of individual political visage and family cadre grades will give peasants more power resources when they participate. In the social field, whether it is the individual, family or village, the high social stratum,which brought relationship network and social prestige, extremely easy to become the power of peasants’ participation. In the economic field, it is only the high family economic stratum that directly benefits the peasants to participate in social governance. However, the high village economic stratum and individual cultural stratum often have a negative effect on the social governance of the peasants because of the high floating rate. Fourth, From the perspective of the internal impact mechanism of the unit stratification on the participation of farmers’ social governance,in the economic field, individual stratification does not have a direct effect, but through the positive impact of the family stratification and the negative effect of village stratification. In the cultural field, individual stratification has a direct and significant negative impact on peasants’ participation in social governance, and has the greatest impact in all the factors of stratification. In the political field, both the individual and the family stratification have a positive effect, and the former is more obvious than the latter. In the social field, the individual, family and village stratification have a significant positive impact on the participation, and the influence of the family, village and individual stratification is gradually strengthened.Based on the above conclusion, this study suggests some effective ways to enhance the participation of peasants in rural social governance : Pay attention to the positive and latent function of rural public space, provide a solid foundation for the practice of peasant involved in rural social governance by improving the physical space, building village virtual community and community awareness; Break through the traditional peasant mentality and control concept.Waken and stress peasants’ principal status and role awareness in rural governance. Stimulate peasants’ willingness to participate in social governance and reasonable motivation. Pay full attention to the individual, household and village stratification when policies and systems design and implementation. Pay attention to the influence and internalmechanism of stratification on peasants’ participant in different units. Promoting the development of rural social governance by effective integrating the interests of the units.