Cost-benefit Analysis Of Population Fertility Policy

As in recent years, China’s population fertility policy has caused widespreadattention, so I used the law economics research methods, analyzed the socialcost and family costs of fertility policy and the social benefits and family benefits tostudy the population of China’s family planning policy since the founding of the costsand benefits brought. It can be said in Chinese,"family planning" is a basic nationalpolicy, that after80years of implementation of the "one couple, one child" policymade an enormous positive impact before the21st century to China,it made400million fewer people were born and ushered in China’s "Demographic Dividend" eraof rapid economic development, rapid social progress. However, in the21st century,the negative impact brought about by an increase in policy, namely increasing socialcosts. The writer call the positive impacts as the benefit and the negative impacts asthe cost. The paper summarizes the basis of the social costs of fertility policy researchscholars on the concept of the social costs of fertility were extensional. Not only thenumber of fertility problems caused generate social costs, population structure andpopulation quality problems due to changes in reproductive behavior or adjustmentwill bring a certain social costs, which in turn would these population issues and thetransformation of economic development, social harmony and stability have beenaffected, resulting in social costs, this view is the author of the birth of the concept ofthe social costs of extension description. For accelerating the aging of our societycurrently exist, sex ratio imbalances and population quality "reverse elimination" andother issues, the parties have different views, government chose a relativelyconservative proposal, it began a policy of careful adjustment of fertility policy、thegradual liberalization of the "double single" and "separate" two-child family policy.According to the estimates of strict population policy will not bring too much trimming and a sharp increase in the number of people and other negative effects, onthe contrary, the adjustment of the policy will ease future phenomenon of an agingpopulation, will balance the sex ratio of the population, and more help to improve thequality of our population. And the author proposed two-child "birth permit",thesystem recommends that each family can be more responsive to the needs of fertilityand meet the needs of the market economy, but the implementation of this systemneed to be prepared to do the premise and perfect planning. Finally, this paper alsodiscusses if the country should learn from other countries in the future on the fullliberalization of fertility policy, but according to large population base of China’sactual situation, the author has some reservations on this point. In this article, I callthe positive impacts as the benefit and the negative impacts as the cost. By comparingthe positive impacts with the negative impacts I arrive at the cost—benefit comparingresult. This result is consistent with national policy, so I think today’s governmentfertility policy fine-tuning is the reality of the times and the right choice, this policycan gradually reduce the cost of the strict “family planning” policy and make theimprovement of the social problems, thereby it can increase social welfare, moreconducive to China’s social and economic development.